吃素或可大大降低结肠直肠癌风险
<p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="vegetarian">vegetarian</span> <span word="diet">diet</span>, <span word="especially">especially</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="includes">includes</span> <span word="fish">fish</span>, <span word="significantly">significantly</span> <span word="reduces">reduces</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="colorectal">colorectal</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="reports">reports</span>.</p><p>一项大型研究最近称，素食饮食，特别是包括鱼在内的素食饮食，能极大降低患结肠直肠癌的风险。</p><p><span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="recruited">recruited</span> 77,659 <span word="men">men</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Seventh">Seventh</span>-<span word="day">day</span> <span word="Adventist">Adventist</span> <span word="churches">churches</span> <span word="nationwide">nationwide</span>. <span word="All">All</span> <span word="filled">filled</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="validated">validated</span> <span word="questionnaires">questionnaires</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="included">included</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 200 <span word="food">food</span> <span word="items">items</span>.</p><p>研究者从美国各地的基督复临安息日会(<span word="Seventh">Seventh</span>-<span word="day">day</span> <span word="Adventist">Adventist</span>)招募了77659名男女。所有调查对象都填写了确定有效的问卷，其中提到200多种食物。</p><p><span word="Meat">Meat</span> <span word="intake">intake</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="low">low</span> — <span word="an">an</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="ounces">ounces</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span>. <span word="During">During</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="seven">seven</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="follow">follow</span>-<span word="up">up</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="found">found</span> 490 <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="colorectal">colorectal</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>. <span word="Over">Over</span> <span word="all">all</span>, <span word="after">after</span> <span word="adjusting">adjusting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="behavioral">behavioral</span> <span word="variables">variables</span>, <span word="vegetarians">vegetarians</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> 21 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="nonvegetarians">nonvegetarians</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="JAMA">JAMA</span> <span word="Internal">Internal</span> <span word="Medicine">Medicine</span>.</p><p>这些调查对象的总体肉摄入量很低，平均每天约二盎司（约合56.7克）。在平均长达七年的跟踪调查中，科学家们发现了490例结肠直肠癌。在根据很多健康和行为变量调整之后，研究者们算出，总的来说，素食者比非素食者的患癌风险低21%。该研究结果发表在《美国医学会杂志·内科学卷》(<span word="JAMA">JAMA</span> <span word="Internal">Internal</span> <span word="Medicine">Medicine</span>)上。</p><p><span word="But">But</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="vegetarian">vegetarian</span> <span word="diets">diets</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="others">others</span>. <span word="Results">Results</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="modified">modified</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="vegetarian">vegetarian</span> <span word="diet">diet</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="eating">eating</span> <span word="meat">meat</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="fish">fish</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="month">month</span> <span word="derived">derived</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="benefit">benefit</span>. <span word="But">But</span> “<span word="pescovegetarians">pescovegetarians</span>,” <span word="who">who</span> <span word="ate">ate</span> <span word="fish">fish</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="month">month</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="meats">meats</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="month">month</span>, <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="by">by</span> 42 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="nonvegetarians">nonvegetarians</span>.</p>
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