谁该为破坏大自然负责
<p><span word="Readers">Readers</span> <span word="respond">respond</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Sunday">Sunday</span> <span word="Review">Review</span> <span word="article">article</span>, “<span word="Leaving">Leaving</span> <span word="Only">Only</span> <span word="Footsteps">Footsteps</span>? <span word="Think">Think</span> <span word="Again">Again</span>.”</p><p>本文是对《户外运动打破了大自然的宁静》（2017年2月17日）一文的回应。</p><p><span word="To">To</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Editor">Editor</span>:</p><p>致编辑：</p><p>“<span word="Leaving">Leaving</span> <span word="Only">Only</span> <span word="Footsteps">Footsteps</span>? <span word="Think">Think</span> <span word="Again">Again</span>,” <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Christopher">Christopher</span> <span word="Solomon">Solomon</span> (<span word="Sunday">Sunday</span> <span word="Review">Review</span>, <span word="Feb">Feb</span>. 15), <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="reminder">reminder</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="caveats">caveats</span>.</p><p>克里斯托弗·所罗门的《户外运动打破了大自然的宁静》提醒我们：人类在自身没有察觉的情况下也仍可能对自然界产生影响。不过有两点需要说明。</p><p><span word="First">First</span>, <span word="even">even</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hiker">hiker</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="skier">skier</span> <span word="frightens">frightens</span> <span word="wildlife">wildlife</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="passing">passing</span> <span word="snow">snow</span> <span word="machine">machine</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="effect">effect</span>. <span word="Why">Why</span>? <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="motor">motor</span> <span word="vehicles">vehicles</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="farther">farther</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="trip">trip</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="thus">thus</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="habitat">habitat</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="traveling">traveling</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="power">power</span>.</p><p>首先，即便一位徒步者或滑雪者给野生动物带来的惊吓多过一辆行驶的雪地摩托车，摩托车也仍可能产生更多的影响。为什么呢？摩托车的平均单次活动距离比人多出许多倍。因此，相比于那些仅凭自身力量的人，摩托车会影响更多的动物栖息地。</p><p><span word="Second">Second</span>, <span word="conservationists">conservationists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="rightly">rightly</span> <span word="focused">focused</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="damage">damage</span> <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="mines">mines</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="logging">logging</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="backcountry">backcountry</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="projects">projects</span> <span word="directly">directly</span> <span word="destroy">destroy</span> <span word="habitat">habitat</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="inevitably">inevitably</span> <span word="require">require</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="roads">roads</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recently">recently</span> <span word="proposed">proposed</span> <span word="coal">coal</span> <span word="mine">mine</span> <span word="expansion">expansion</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="forest">forest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Colorado">Colorado</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="require">require</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="miles">miles</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="road">road</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="roadless">roadless</span> <span word="habitat">habitat</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="black">black</span> <span word="bear">bear</span>, <span word="elk">elk</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="lynx">lynx</span>. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="roads">roads</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="slice">slice</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dice">dice</span> <span word="habitat">habitat</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="extend">extend</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="effects">effects</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="recreational">recreational</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span>, <span word="while">while</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="creating">creating</span> <span word="vectors">vectors</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="invasive">invasive</span> <span word="species">species</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="frequent">frequent</span> <span word="wildfires">wildfires</span>.</p>
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