维生素D为何能对抗结肠癌
<p><span word="Higher">Higher</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="vitamin">vitamin</span> <span word="D">D</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="colon">colon</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="observational">observational</span> <span word="studies">studies</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="analysis">analysis</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="reason">reason</span>.</p><p>很多观察性研究发现，血液中维生素<span word="D">D</span>含量越高，患结肠癌的风险越低。一项新研究可能找到了其中一个原因。</p><p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="malignant">malignant</span> <span word="tumor">tumor</span> <span word="contains">contains</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="types">types</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cells">cells</span>, <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tumor">tumor</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="grow">grow</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="spread">spread</span>. <span word="Among">Among</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="immune">immune</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="T">T</span> <span word="lymphocytes">lymphocytes</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="T">T</span> <span word="cells">cells</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="target">target</span> <span word="tumor">tumor</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="limit">limit</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="growth">growth</span>. <span word="Having">Having</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tumor">tumor</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="T">T</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="correlates">correlates</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="prognosis">prognosis</span>.</p><p>恶性肿瘤中不仅有癌细胞，还有很多其他种类的细胞，其中一些细胞能影响肿瘤变大或扩散的速度。其中有一群免疫系统细胞，名叫<span word="T">T</span>淋巴细胞或<span word="T">T</span>细胞，它们能攻击肿瘤细胞，限制它们的发展。含有更多<span word="T">T</span>细胞的肿瘤，预后情况更好。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="published">published</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Gut">Gut</span>, <span word="included">included</span> 318 <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="colorectal">colorectal</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="and">and</span> 624 <span word="matched">matched</span> <span word="controls">controls</span>. <span word="All">All</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="vitamin">vitamin</span> <span word="D">D</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="measured">measured</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="appearance">appearance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span>.</p><p>这项发表在《内脏》(<span word="Gut">Gut</span>)杂志上的研究调查了318名结直肠癌患者和624名匹配的对照组人员。研究人员测量了所有这些人出现任何癌症之前的维生素<span word="D">D</span>水平。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="blood">blood</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="vitamin">vitamin</span> <span word="D">D</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="develop">develop</span> <span word="colorectal">colorectal</span> <span word="tumors">tumors</span>. <span word="Vitamin">Vitamin</span> <span word="D">D</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="authors">authors</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span>, <span word="interacts">interacts</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="immune">immune</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="prevent">prevent</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="malignancy">malignancy</span>.</p>
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