研究：贫穷可影响两岁幼童智商
<p><span word="Poverty">Poverty</span> <span word="affects">affects</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="two">two</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="found">found</span> - <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="impact">impact</span> <span word="increases">increases</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="ages">ages</span>.</p><p>英国一项研究发现，贫穷会影响年仅两岁儿童的智力，且影响力会随年龄增长而加强。</p><p><span word="Deprived">Deprived</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="IQ">IQ</span> <span word="scores">scores</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="points">points</span> <span word="lower">lower</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="average">average</span>, <span word="than">than</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="wealthier">wealthier</span> <span word="families">families</span>.</p><p>贫困家庭儿童的<span word="IQ">IQ</span>（智力商数）比富裕家庭儿童平均低六分。</p><p><span word="And">And</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gap">gap</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="wider">wider</span> <span word="throughout">throughout</span> <span word="childhood">childhood</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="difference">difference</span> <span word="tripling">tripling</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="adolescence">adolescence</span>.</p><p>随着儿童的年龄渐长，该差距会逐渐拉大，到步入青春期时穷人家的孩子与富人家孩子的智商差距会比幼儿期大两倍。</p><p><span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Goldsmiths">Goldsmiths</span>, <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="London">London</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> 15,000 <span word="children">children</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Twins">Twins</span> <span word="Early">Early</span> <span word="Development">Development</span> <span word="Study">Study</span> (<span word="Teds">Teds</span>).</p><p>来自伦敦金史密斯大学的科学家比较分析了近一万五千名儿童及其父母的资料，这些资料是孪生儿童早期发展研究（<span word="Teds">Teds</span>）的部分数据。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="on">on</span>-<span word="going">going</span> <span word="investigation">investigation</span> <span word="socio">socio</span>-<span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="genetic">genetic</span> <span word="links">links</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span>.</p><p>孪生儿童早期发展研究致力于智力与社会经济和遗传的关系研究，目前仍在进行。</p><p><span word="Children">Children</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="assessed">assessed</span> <span word="nine">nine</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ages">ages</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="and">and</span> 16, <span word="using">using</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mixture">mixture</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="parent">parent</span>-<span word="administered">administered</span>, <span word="web">web</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="telephone">telephone</span>-<span word="based">based</span> <span word="tests">tests</span>.</p>
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