运动真的能让我们变聪明吗
<p><span word="Exercise">Exercise</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="brain">brain</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="suggesting">suggesting</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="regular">regular</span> <span word="exercise">exercise</span> <span word="improves">improves</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="skills">skills</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="asks">asks</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="apparent">apparent</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="exercise">exercise</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="real">real</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="placebo">placebo</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> — <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> “<span word="smarter">smarter</span>” <span word="after">after</span> <span word="exercise">exercise</span>, <span word="do">do</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="brains">brains</span> <span word="respond">respond</span> <span word="accordingly">accordingly</span>? <span word="The">The</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="significant">significant</span> <span word="implications">implications</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="hoping">hoping</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="exercise">exercise</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="minds">minds</span> <span word="sharp">sharp</span> <span word="throughout">throughout</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="lives">lives</span>.</p><p>体育锻炼似乎对大脑有益，最近的许多研究表明，经常锻炼可以改善记忆和思维能力。但一项有趣的新研究却提出了这样的问题：体育锻炼在提高认知能力方面显现出来的益处，是真实存在，还是心理作用？也就是说，假如我们相信自己在运动之后会“更聪明”，我们的大脑会不会做出相应的反应？对于想要通过锻炼来在一生中保持头脑敏捷的人来说，这个问题的答案至关重要。</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="experimental">experimental</span> <span word="science">science</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span>, <span word="most">most</span> <span word="reliable">reliable</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="randomly">randomly</span> <span word="divide">divide</span> <span word="participants">participants</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="groups">groups</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="receives">receives</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="drug">drug</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="placebo">placebo</span>, <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="appearance">appearance</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="drug">drug</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="containing">containing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="active">active</span> <span word="ingredient">ingredient</span>.</p><p>在实验科学中，最出色可靠的研究会把参与者随机分为两组，一组得到正在研究的药物或治疗方法，另一组得到的则是无效的安慰剂，其外观与第一组拿到的药物类似，但不含活性成分。</p>
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