大学教育全球化让美国人付出代价
<p><span word="ASK">ASK</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="senior">senior</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="junior">junior</span> — <span word="or">or</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> — <span word="and">and</span> <span word="they">they</span>'<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="selective">selective</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="harder">harder</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span>. <span word="They">They</span>'<span word="re">re</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="that">that</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newfound">newfound</span> <span word="difficulty">difficulty</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="understood">understood</span>.</p><p>如果你去问任何高中高年级生或低年级生，抑或他们的家长，他们会告诉你，进入一所知名的大学比以前更难了。他们这么说是对的。不过，人们并不充分了解带来这种新难题的原因。</p><p><span word="Population">Population</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="plays">plays</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="role">role</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="teenagers">teenagers</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> 30 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="youngest">youngest</span> <span word="baby">baby</span> <span word="boomers">boomers</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="applying">applying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="college">college</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span>, <span word="most">most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="occurred">occurred</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="colleges">colleges</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="relatively">relatively</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="resources">resources</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="dropout">dropout</span> <span word="rates">rates</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="bear">bear</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="resemblance">resemblance</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="elites">elites</span>.</p><p>人口增长是一个原因，不过青少年的人口比30年前高不了多少，那个时候，最年轻的婴儿潮一代仍在申读大学。和过去相比，现在有更多美国人进入大学，然而入学率的增长大多出现在那些资源相对较少，辍学率相对较高的的院校，这些院校和顶尖学府几无相似之处。</p><p><span word="So">So</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="else">else</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="on">on</span>? <span word="One">One</span> <span word="overlooked">overlooked</span> <span word="factor">factor</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="colleges">colleges</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="admitting">admitting</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="generation">generation</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>. <span word="Colleges">Colleges</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="globalized">globalized</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="deliberately">deliberately</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="share">share</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="bodies">bodies</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="overseas">overseas</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="leaving">leaving</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="slots">slots</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>.</p>
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