被搁置了10年的埃博拉病毒疫苗
<p><span word="GALVESTON">GALVESTON</span>, <span word="Texas">Texas</span> — <span word="Almost">Almost</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="decade">decade</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Canada">Canada</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span> <span word="reported">reported</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="created">created</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="vaccine">vaccine</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="was">was</span> 100 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="protecting">protecting</span> <span word="monkeys">monkeys</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Ebola">Ebola</span> <span word="virus">virus</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="respected">respected</span> <span word="journal">journal</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="officials">officials</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="exciting">exciting</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="tests">tests</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="product">product</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="potentially">potentially</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="ready">ready</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="licensing">licensing</span> <span word="by">by</span> 2010 <span word="or">or</span> 2011.</p><p>德克萨斯州加尔维斯顿——差不多10年前，加拿大和美国的科学家宣布，他们研制出了一种可以保护猴子不被埃博拉病毒感染的疫苗，百分之百有效。其研究成果被发表在了一本颇有声望的期刊上；卫生官员们曾表示，该成果令人兴奋。研究人员当时称，可能会在两年之内对疫苗进行人体测试；到2010年或者2011年，可能已经为疫苗产品获得许可做好了准备。</p><p><span word="It">It</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="happened">happened</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="vaccine">vaccine</span> <span word="sat">sat</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="shelf">shelf</span>. <span word="Only">Only</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="undergoing">undergoing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="safety">safety</span> <span word="tests">tests</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> — <span word="with">with</span> <span word="nearly">nearly</span> 5,000 <span word="people">people</span> <span word="dead">dead</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Ebola">Ebola</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="epidemic">epidemic</span> <span word="raging">raging</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span>.</p><p>他们的话并未成真。该疫苗一度被束之高阁，直到现在才开始进行最基本的人体测试——此时，已有近5000人死于埃博拉，西非地区疫情肆虐，失去了控制。</p><p><span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="stalled">stalled</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="Ebola">Ebola</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="rare">rare</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="now">now</span>, <span word="outbreaks">outbreaks</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="infected">infected</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="experts">experts</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="acknowledge">acknowledge</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="follow">follow</span>-<span word="up">up</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="promising">promising</span> <span word="candidate">candidate</span> <span word="reflects">reflects</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="broader">broader</span> <span word="failure">failure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="medicines">medicines</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="vaccines">vaccines</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="diseases">diseases</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="afflict">afflict</span> <span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>. <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="drug">drug</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="resisted">resisted</span> <span word="spending">spending</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="enormous">enormous</span> <span word="sums">sums</span> <span word="needed">needed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="develop">develop</span> <span word="products">products</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="mostly">mostly</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pay">pay</span>.</p>
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