肥胖有损大脑,运动修复智力
<p><span word="Obesity">Obesity</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="harmful">harmful</span> <span word="effects">effects</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="exercise">exercise</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="counteract">counteract</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="effects">effects</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sophisticated">sophisticated</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="neurological">neurological</span> <span word="experiments">experiments</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="mice">mice</span>, <span word="even">even</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="lose">lose</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>. <span word="While">While</span> <span word="it">it</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="impossible">impossible</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="brains">brains</span> <span word="respond">respond</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="precisely">precisely</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fat">fat</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="activity">activity</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="offer">offer</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="exercise">exercise</span>.</p><p>科学家们最近在小鼠身上进行了一项复杂的新型神经生物学实验，其结果显示，肥胖会对大脑造成有害影响，而运动可以抵消上述负面影响中的绝大部分，即使在动物的体重并未大幅减轻时也一样有效。虽然我们不可能知道人类大脑是否会以完全相同的方式来应答脂肪和体育活动，但起码这些研究结果为我们走出户外进行运动又提供了一条新的理由。</p><p><span word="It">It</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="obesity">obesity</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="alter">alter</span> <span word="cognition">cognition</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="animals">animals</span>. <span word="Past">Past</span> <span word="experiments">experiments</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="lab">lab</span> <span word="rodents">rodents</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="instance">instance</span>, <span word="have">have</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="obese">obese</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="display">display</span> <span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="normal">normal</span>-<span word="weight">weight</span> <span word="peers">peers</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="recognize">recognize</span> <span word="familiar">familiar</span> <span word="objects">objects</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="recall">recall</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="location">location</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="exit">exit</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="mazes">mazes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span>'<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="negotiated">negotiated</span> <span word="multiple">multiple</span> <span word="times">times</span>.</p><p>一段时间之前，人们已经发现肥胖可以改变动物的认知。例如，关于实验室啮齿类动物的既往实验表明，肥胖动物的记忆力和学习能力均低于体重正常的同类动物。它们无法辨认出熟悉的物体，而且哪怕已经多次从迷宫中走过，它们仍然记不住出口的位置。</p>
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