一张图表告诉你为什么大学不适合所有人
<p><span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="listen">listen</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="experts">experts</span>, <span word="they">they</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="despite">despite</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rising">rising</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="degree">degree</span>, <span word="college">college</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="pays">pays</span> <span word="off">off</span>.</p><p>对此，专家们会说，虽然攻读学位的费用不断增加，但是就读大学依然有所回报。</p><p><span word="And">And</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="statistics">statistics</span> <span word="bear">bear</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="argument">argument</span> <span word="out">out</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="graduate">graduate</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="make">make</span> $1 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="worker">worker</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="course">course</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="lifetime">lifetime</span>, <span word="making">making</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="six">six</span>-<span word="figure">figure</span> <span word="upfront">upfront</span> <span word="investment">investment</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="worth">worth</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span>. <span word="Yetanecdotal">Yetanecdotal</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="abounds">abounds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="either">either</span> <span word="flunked">flunked</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="graduated">graduated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="debt">debt</span> <span word="loads">loads</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="unable">unable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="land">land</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="investment">investment</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="off">off</span>.</p><p>有统计资料证明了这一观点。与只有高中学历的工人相比，大学毕业生一生平均多收入100万美元，最终使高达六位数的前期投资得以回报。但是，中途退学或大学毕业时债台高筑、无法使学位投资有所回报的学生案例比比旨是。</p><p><span word="How">How</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="reconcile">reconcile</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="statistics">statistics</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="stories">stories</span>? <span word="This">This</span> <span word="chart">chart</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Federal">Federal</span> <span word="Reserve">Reserve</span> <span word="Bank">Bank</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="miss">miss</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="experience">experience</span>:</p><p>我们如何使统计资料和具体案例保持一致呢？纽约联邦储备银行（<span word="Federal">Federal</span> <span word="Reserve">Reserve</span> <span word="Bank">Bank</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span>）提供的图表说明，如果我们只着眼于平均情况，就会错失很多信息：</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="bottom">bottom</span> <span word="quarter">quarter</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="earners">earners</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="graduate">graduate</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="hasn">hasn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="in">in</span> 40 <span word="years">years</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="graphic">graphic</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="valuable">valuable</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bottom">bottom</span> <span word="quarter">quarter</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="earners">earners</span>, <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="evaporation">evaporation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="high">high</span>-<span word="paying">paying</span> <span word="blue">blue</span> <span word="collar">collar</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span>, <span word="like">like</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="manufacturing">manufacturing</span> <span word="industries">industries</span>. <span word="Of">Of</span> <span word="course">course</span>, <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> 40 <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="degreehas">degreehas</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> 12-<span word="fold">fold</span>, <span word="while">while</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="holder">holder</span> <span word="isn">isn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="all">all</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="accounting">accounting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="inflation">inflation</span>.</p>
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