研究：坏老板会让员工也变坏
<p>研究发现，坏老板的粗暴会传染他人，甚至让一整个团队的人都变得恶毒。</p><p>研究人员指出，冲着员工吼叫、向员工发送侮辱邮件的老板不仅会影响员工的态度和行为，还会让团队里的成员都用同样敌意的方式对待彼此。</p><p>坏老板伤害的不仅是个体员工，更糟的是，他会营造出一个让大家都备受煎熬的工作氛围。</p><p>此外，直接遭受老板虐待的员工会缺少自我价值感，对团队的贡献也会变少。</p><p><span word="Bosses">Bosses</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="shout">shout</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="send">send</span> <span word="demeaning">demeaning</span> <span word="emails">emails</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="employees">employees</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="conflict">conflict</span> <span word="throughout">throughout</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="team">team</span>, <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="claimed">claimed</span>.</p><p><span word="They">They</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="abuse">abuse</span> <span word="is">is</span> '<span word="toxic">toxic</span>' <span word="and">and</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="spread">spread</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="workplace">workplace</span>.</p><p><span word="This">This</span> <span word="leads">leads</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="everybody">everybody</span> <span word="suffering">suffering</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="concluded">concluded</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Michigan">Michigan</span> <span word="State">State</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="conducted">conducted</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>, <span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="toxic">toxic</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nonphysical">nonphysical</span> <span word="abuse">abuse</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="boss">boss</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="broader">broader</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="believed">believed</span>.</p><p><span word="Published">Published</span> <span word="online">online</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Journal">Journal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Applied">Applied</span> <span word="Psychology">Psychology</span>, <span word="author">author</span> <span word="Crystal">Crystal</span> <span word="Farh">Farh</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="supervisors">supervisors</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="belittle">belittle</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ridicule">ridicule</span> <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="negatively">negatively</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="workers">workers</span>' <span word="attitudes">attitudes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="behaviors">behaviors</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="act">act</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="hostile">hostile</span> <span word="manner">manner</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="another">another</span>.</p><p>'<span word="That">That</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="disturbing">disturbing</span> <span word="finding">finding</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="it">it</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="victims">victims</span> <span word="now">now</span>, <span word="it">it</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="creating">creating</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="context">context</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="everybody">everybody</span> <span word="suffers">suffers</span>, <span word="regardless">regardless</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="individually">individually</span> <span word="abused">abused</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="not">not</span>,' <span word="she">she</span> <span word="said">said</span>.</p>
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