数据之美 一张图观2000年文化迁移
<p><span word="They">They</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="flight">flight</span> <span word="paths">paths</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>. <span word="Or">Or</span> <span word="perhaps">perhaps</span> <span word="nighttime">nighttime</span> <span word="satellite">satellite</span> <span word="photos">photos</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="lit">lit</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="starry">starry</span> <span word="constellations">constellations</span>.</p><p>这些线条也许看上去很像北美和欧洲之间的航线，或是夜间卫星图，城市像星座一样被点亮。</p><p><span word="But">But</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="again">again</span>.</p><p>但请再瞧一瞧。</p><p><span word="These">These</span> <span word="animations">animations</span> <span word="chart">chart</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Western">Western</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> 2,000 <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="Friday">Friday</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Science">Science</span>.</p><p>根据一研究团队在周五《科学》杂志上的报告，这些动画其实纪录了过去2000年间西方文化的迁移。</p><p><span word="To">To</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="movies">movies</span>, <span word="art">art</span> <span word="historian">historian</span> <span word="Maximilian">Maximilian</span> <span word="Schich">Schich</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="colleagues">colleagues</span> <span word="mapped">mapped</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="births">births</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="deaths">deaths</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 150,000 <span word="notable">notable</span> <span word="artists">artists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cultural">cultural</span> <span word="leaders">leaders</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="famous">famous</span> <span word="painters">painters</span>, <span word="actors">actors</span>, <span word="architects">architects</span>, <span word="politicians">politicians</span>, <span word="priests">priests</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="antiquarians">antiquarians</span> (<span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="collect">collect</span> <span word="antiques">antiques</span>).</p><p>为了制作出这些影像，艺术史学家马克西米兰·舒尺和他的团队在地图上标出了15多万位艺术名人和文化领袖的出生和死亡地点，其中不乏著名的画家、演员、建筑师、政治家、牧师，甚至是古文物收藏家。</p><p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="shimmering">shimmering</span> <span word="blue">blue</span> <span word="dot">dot</span> <span word="lights">lights</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="birth">birth</span>, <span word="while">while</span> <span word="red">red</span> <span word="dots">dots</span> <span word="represent">represent</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="death">death</span>.</p><p>地图上闪闪发亮的蓝点代表出生地点，红点则代表死亡地点。</p><p><span word="We">We</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="watch">watch</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="artists">artists</span> <span word="flock">flock</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="rural">rural</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="urban">urban</span> <span word="centers">centers</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="London">London</span>, <span word="Paris">Paris</span>, <span word="Rome">Rome</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Berlin">Berlin</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Renaissance">Renaissance</span>. <span word="Then">Then</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="late">late</span> 17<span word="th">th</span> <span word="century">century</span>, <span word="people">people</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="catapult">catapult</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="eastern">eastern</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. <span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="eventually">eventually</span> <span word="leapfrog">leapfrog</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="Coast">Coast</span>.</p>
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