转变：日本不再重男轻女
<p><span word="Unlike">Unlike</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="East">East</span> <span word="Asian">Asian</span> <span word="nations">nations</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="sons">sons</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="daughters">daughters</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="prevails">prevails</span>, <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="progressively">progressively</span> <span word="shifted">shifted</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="son">son</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="visible">visible</span> <span word="daughter">daughter</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="decades">decades</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="extent">extent</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span>’ <span word="child">child</span> <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="shaped">shaped</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="attitudes">attitudes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="evaluate">evaluate</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="daughter">daughter</span> <span word="preference">preference</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="reflection">reflection</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="convergence">convergence</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="persistent">persistent</span> <span word="divergence">divergence</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="roles">roles</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span>.</p><p><span word="Data">Data</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Single">Single</span> <span word="Persons">Persons</span> <span word="subset">subset</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 11<span word="th">th</span> <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Fertility">Fertility</span> <span word="Survey">Survey</span> <span word="conducted">conducted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Population">Population</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Social">Social</span> <span word="Security">Security</span> <span word="Research">Research</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1997 <span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="attitudes">attitudes</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="one">one</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="differs">differs</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="women">women</span>. <span word="Overall">Overall</span>, <span word="while">while</span> <span word="daughter">daughter</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="nontraditional">nontraditional</span> <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="attitudes">attitudes</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="men">men</span>, <span word="daughter">daughter</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="traditional">traditional</span> <span word="attitudes">attitudes</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="women">women</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="tendency">tendency</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="daughters">daughters</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="revealed">revealed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="large">large</span>-<span word="scale">scale</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="surveys">surveys</span>. <span word="Empirical">Empirical</span> <span word="papers">papers</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="topic">topic</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="journals">journals</span>. <span word="Research">Research</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="sociological">sociological</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="demographic">demographic</span> <span word="literature">literature</span>.</p><p><span word="Gender">Gender</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="progressively">progressively</span> <span word="shifted">shifted</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="son">son</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="visible">visible</span> <span word="daughter">daughter</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="decades">decades</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="appear">appear</span> <span word="shocking">shocking</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sociologists">sociologists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="demographers">demographers</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="sons">sons</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="daughters">daughters</span> <span word="prevails">prevails</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="populations">populations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="East">East</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="volume">volume</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="uncovers">uncovers</span> <span word="parental">parental</span> <span word="son">son</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Republic">Republic</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Korea">Korea</span>. <span word="However">However</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="issue">issue</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span>. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="chronic">chronic</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="perhaps">perhaps</span> <span word="attributable">attributable</span> <span word="to">to</span>: (1) <span word="the">the</span> <span word="assumption">assumption</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="preferences">preferences</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="neighbors">neighbors</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="geographic">geographic</span> <span word="proximity">proximity</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="shared">shared</span> <span word="Confucius">Confucius</span> <span word="background">background</span>; <span word="and">and</span>/<span word="or">or</span> (2) <span word="the">the</span> <span word="presumption">presumption</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="exhibit">exhibit</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="son">son</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="development">development</span>, <span word="thereby">thereby</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="appealing">appealing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="examine">examine</span>. <span word="However">However</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="daughter">daughter</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="evident">evident</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="attention">attention</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="issue">issue</span>.</p>
页:
[1]