天有不测风云 气候变化对企业有何风险
<p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Environmental">Environmental</span> <span word="Protection">Protection</span> <span word="Agency">Agency</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="proposed">proposed</span> <span word="regulations">regulations</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="carbon">carbon</span> <span word="emissions">emissions</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="generating">generating</span> <span word="heated">heated</span> <span word="debate">debate</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="change">change</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="clear">clear</span>: <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="investors">investors</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="climate">climate</span>-<span word="related">related</span> <span word="risks">risks</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="managing">managing</span> <span word="them">them</span>.</p><p>美国环境保护署(<span word="Environmental">Environmental</span> <span word="Protection">Protection</span> <span word="Agency">Agency</span>)拟定的减少碳排放提案正在引发一场关于气候变化的激烈辩论。但有一点是明确的：企业需要向投资者更加详尽地解释它们面临的气候变化相关风险，以及它们正在采取的管控措施。</p><p><span word="Extreme">Extreme</span> <span word="weather">weather</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="appear">appear</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="severe">severe</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="frequent">frequent</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="drought">drought</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="California">California</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="floods">floods</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="reminded">reminded</span> <span word="us">us</span>. <span word="Weather">Weather</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="accounted">accounted</span> <span word="for">for</span> 90% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="catastrophe">catastrophe</span> <span word="losses">losses</span> <span word="in">in</span> 2013, <span word="causing">causing</span> <span word="over">over</span> $120 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="losses">losses</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reinsurance">reinsurance</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="Munich">Munich</span> <span word="Re">Re</span>. <span word="In">In</span> 2017, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="overall">overall</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="economies">economies</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="estimated">estimated</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> $5 <span word="trillion">trillion</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="region">region</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="over">over</span> 30% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="GDP">GDP</span>.</p><p>加州近期的大干旱和欧洲的洪水提醒我们，极端天气事件正变得越来越严重，越来越频繁。根据慕尼黑再保险公司(<span word="Munich">Munich</span> <span word="Re">Re</span>)提供的数据，天气事件占2013年自然灾害损失的90%，共造成1,200多亿美元的损失。该公司估计，2017年，气候事件对美国和欧洲经济的总体影响均超过5万亿美元，占各自国内生产总值(<span word="GDP">GDP</span>)的30%以上。</p>
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