豆腐卤水有望降低太阳能成本
<p><span word="Two">Two</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="offer">offer</span> <span word="signs">signs</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="changing">changing</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="offers">offers</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="solar">solar</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="cheaply">cheaply</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="safely">safely</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="methods">methods</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="indicates">indicates</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="concentrating">concentrating</span> <span word="solar">solar</span> <span word="power">power</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="uses">uses</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sun">sun</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="heat">heat</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="liquid">liquid</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="drives">drives</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="turbine">turbine</span>, <span word="could">could</span> <span word="supply">supply</span> “<span word="a">a</span> <span word="substantial">substantial</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="demand">demand</span>.”</p><p>两项新研究提供的迹象表明，这种状况有可能会迅速发生改变。其中一项研究提供了一种全新的太阳能电池生产方式，它要比现有方法更便宜，更安全。另一项研究显示，聚焦式太阳能发电系统（即使用太阳的能量来加热液体，以驱动涡轮机，简称<span word="CSP">CSP</span>）能够满足“目前相当大一部分能源需求。”</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="released">released</span> <span word="Wednesday">Wednesday</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Nature">Nature</span>, <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Liverpool">Liverpool</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Jon">Jon</span> <span word="Major">Major</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="announced">announced</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="magnesium">magnesium</span> <span word="chloride">chloride</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="tofu">tofu</span>, <span word="bath">bath</span> <span word="salts">salts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="applied">applied</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="roads">roads</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="winter">winter</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="replace">replace</span> <span word="cadmium">cadmium</span> <span word="chloride">chloride</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="second">second</span>-<span word="generation">generation</span>, <span word="think">think</span>-<span word="film">film</span> <span word="solar">solar</span> <span word="cells">cells</span>.</p><p>《自然》杂志(<span word="Nature">Nature</span>)上周三发布的一份研究报告中，利物浦大学(<span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Liverpool">Liverpool</span>)的乔恩<span word="o">o</span>梅杰和其他几位研究人员宣称，氯化镁可以取代生产第二代薄膜太阳能电池所用的氯化镉。氯化镁是制作豆腐和浴盐的原料，还可用来融化冬季道路上的冰雪。</p><p><span word="Speaking">Speaking</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="teleconference">teleconference</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</span>, <span word="Major">Major</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="magnesium">magnesium</span> <span word="chloride">chloride</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="extracted">extracted</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="seawater">seawater</span>, <span word="would">would</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> $0.001 <span word="per">per</span> <span word="gram">gram</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="to">to</span> $0.3 <span word="for">for</span> <span word="cadmium">cadmium</span> <span word="chloride">chloride</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="eliminate">eliminate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="challenges">challenges</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="expense">expense</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="handling">handling</span> <span word="cadmium">cadmium</span> <span word="chloride">chloride</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="highly">highly</span> <span word="toxic">toxic</span> <span word="compound">compound</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="requires">requires</span> <span word="elaborate">elaborate</span> <span word="safety">safety</span> <span word="measures">measures</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="protect">protect</span> <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="manufacture">manufacture</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="disposal">disposal</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="panels">panels</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="needed">needed</span>.</p>
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