智力一定天生 凡人必无出头日?
<p><span word="Too">Too</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="gift">gift</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nature">nature</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="anyone">anyone</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="improve">improve</span> <span word="theirs">theirs</span>. <span word="IQ">IQ</span> <span word="tests">tests</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="managed">managed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="confuse">confuse</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="us">us</span>, <span word="leading">leading</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="largely">largely</span> <span word="fixed">fixed</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span>.</p><p>很多人认为智力是天生的，以至于很少有人能通过后天来提高自己地智力。<span word="IQ">IQ</span>测试让我们一直以为智力基本上是一定的。实则不然。</p><p><span word="Just">Just</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="swimming">swimming</span>, <span word="cooking">cooking</span>, <span word="dancing">dancing</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="anything">anything</span> <span word="else">else</span>, <span word="being">being</span> <span word="smart">smart</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="skill">skill</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="requires">requires</span> <span word="training">training</span>. <span word="Unfortunately">Unfortunately</span>, <span word="our">our</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="neglect">neglect</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="essential">essential</span> <span word="tools">tools</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="smart">smart</span>.</p><p>就拿游泳，烹饪，跳舞等技能来说吧，要想无所不能是需要一步步训练的。很遗憾，我们的学校恰巧没有给我们开发智力的工具。</p><p><span word="So">So</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="discover">discover</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="tools">tools</span>? <span word="It">It</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="started">started</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="PhD">PhD</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="research">research</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="mattered">mattered</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="research">research</span>, <span word="never">never</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="mattered">mattered</span>. <span word="So">So</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="decided">decided</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="professors">professors</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="work">work</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="watched">watched</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="learned">learned</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="proud">proud</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="figured">figured</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="out">out</span> – <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="wasn">wasn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="expected">expected</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="share">share</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="learned">learned</span>.</p><p>那么，我该如何找到这些工具？刚开始我的博士生涯时，我找到了。我不仅想做任何门类的研究，还想做有重要意义的研究。问题是，我根本不知道怎么去做研究，更别说重要研究了。于是，我决定去深入了解做过重要建树的教授们。很多年以后，我学到了很多，并且我很欣慰我弄清楚了事实并非我之前预料的那样。我很乐意将我所学告诉大家。</p>
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