非裔美国妇女的肥胖与种族歧视有关
<p>一项研究指出，非裔美国妇女肥胖率高与种族歧视的言论和态度有关。</p><p>在美国，胖人在过去几十年里人数猛增，其中增长最快的是非裔美国妇女——约半数的非裔美国妇女在目前被视为肥胖。</p><p>研究称，遭受种族歧视会造成严重的心理压力，从而导致肥胖。研究表明，经常承受压力会导致重要的神经内分泌功能失调，进而引发体内多余脂肪的储存。</p><p>在这项研究中，参与者在1997年和2009年被记录最多的是他们经常遭遇到的“日常”种族歧视，比如外出吃饭或购物时接受到糟糕的服务，以及因为他们的种族问题而在工作中，在住房问题上，甚至治安问题上都受到不好的对待（“终生”种族歧视）。</p><p>调查结果显示，与那些在这两个时间段内受歧视较少的人相比，在1997年和2009年经常受到日常种族歧视的参与者中，69%的人更有可能成为肥胖者。经常受到终生种族歧视的妇女也面临更大的肥胖风险。</p><p><span word="For">For</span> <span word="African">African</span>-<span word="American">American</span> <span word="women">women</span>, <span word="being">being</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="target">target</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="racist">racist</span> <span word="remarks">remarks</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="attitudes">attitudes</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="tied">tied</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="obesity">obesity</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Slone">Slone</span> <span word="Epidemiology">Epidemiology</span> <span word="Center">Center</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Boston">Boston</span> <span word="University">University</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="link">link</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="racism">racism</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="obesity">obesity</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="greatest">greatest</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="suffered">suffered</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="consistently">consistently</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="prejudice">prejudice</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="a">a</span> 12-<span word="year">year</span> <span word="period">period</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="research">research</span>, <span word="published">published</span> <span word="online">online</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="Journal">Journal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Epidemiology">Epidemiology</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Black">Black</span> <span word="Women">Women</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Health">Health</span> <span word="Study">Study</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="longitudinal">longitudinal</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="enrolled">enrolled</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="followed">followed</span> 59,000 <span word="African">African</span>-<span word="American">American</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="beginning">beginning</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1995.</p>
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