美国安局研发量子计算机 可破解几乎所有加密技术
<p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Security">Security</span> <span word="Agency">Agency</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="building">building</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="quantum">quantum</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="break">break</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="encryption">encryption</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="keeps">keeps</span> <span word="messages">messages</span> <span word="secure">secure</span>, <span word="reports">reports</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Washington">Washington</span> <span word="Post">Post</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="NSA">NSA</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="documents">documents</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newspaper">newspaper</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="whistle">whistle</span>-<span word="blower">blower</span> <span word="Edward">Edward</span> <span word="Snowden">Snowden</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="spying">spying</span> <span word="agency">agency</span> <span word="hopes">hopes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="harness">harness</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="qualities">qualities</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="quantum">quantum</span> <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="speed">speed</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="code">code</span>-<span word="cracking">cracking</span> <span word="efforts">efforts</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="NSA">NSA</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="about">about</span> $80<span word="m">m</span> (￡49<span word="m">m</span>) <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="machine">machine</span>.</p><p><span word="If">If</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="NSA">NSA</span> <span word="managed">managed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="develop">develop</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="quantum">quantum</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="breaking">breaking</span> <span word="encryption">encryption</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="online">online</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="official">official</span> <span word="messages">messages</span> <span word="secure">secure</span>, <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="documents">documents</span> <span word="excerpted">excerpted</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Post">Post</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="quantum">quantum</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="programme">programme</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="Penetrating">Penetrating</span> <span word="Hard">Hard</span> <span word="Targets">Targets</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="conducted">conducted</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lab">lab</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Maryland">Maryland</span>.</p><p><span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="pursuing">pursuing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="goal">goal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="creating">creating</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="quantum">quantum</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="run">run</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="algorithms">algorithms</span> <span word="required">required</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="break">break</span> <span word="contemporary">contemporary</span> <span word="encryption">encryption</span> <span word="systems">systems</span>.</p><p><span word="Current">Current</span> <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="attempt">attempt</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="crack">crack</span> <span word="encryption">encryption</span> <span word="via">via</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="limited">limited</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="generating">generating</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="keys">keys</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="unscramble">unscramble</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="Using">Using</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="speed">speed</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="keys">keys</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="lock">lock</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="limits">limits</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="usefulness">usefulness</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="approach">approach</span>.</p><p><span word="By">By</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span>, <span word="quantum">quantum</span> <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="exploit">exploit</span> <span word="properties">properties</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="under">under</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span>, <span word="mean">mean</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="lots">lots</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="lots">lots</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="calculations">calculations</span> <span word="simultaneously">simultaneously</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="practical">practical</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="keys">keys</span> <span word="protecting">protecting</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="message">message</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="stream">stream</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="data">data</span>.</p>
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