新一代社会栋梁战胜自我怀疑的新方法
<p><span word="Feeling">Feeling</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="belong">belong</span> -- <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span>'<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="landed">landed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fortunate">fortunate</span> <span word="spot">spot</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="luck">luck</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="accident">accident</span> -- <span word="can">can</span> <span word="send">send</span> <span word="anyone">anyone</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tailspin">tailspin</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="corporate">corporate</span> <span word="executives">executives</span>.</p><p>感觉自己不属于所处的环境――认为自己是凭运气或偶然才到达这个幸运的位置――会让你陷入消沉，无论你是大学生还是企业高管。</p><p><span word="Imposter">Imposter</span> <span word="fears">fears</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="alike">alike</span>, <span word="research">research</span> <span word="shows">shows</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="blamed">blamed</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="array">array</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="problems">problems</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="college">college</span>-<span word="failure">failure</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dropout">dropout</span> <span word="rates">rates</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="female">female</span> <span word="participation">participation</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="math">math</span>, <span word="engineering">engineering</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span>.</p><p>研究表明，“冒名顶替者恐惧”(<span word="imposter">imposter</span> <span word="fears">fears</span>)在男性和女性中均很常见，被认为是引发一系列问题的祸因，比如造成大学挂科率和退学率高企，以及女性从事数学、工程和科学工作的比例很低等。</p><p><span word="Separate">Separate</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="general">general</span> <span word="emotional">emotional</span> <span word="insecurity">insecurity</span>, <span word="imposter">imposter</span> <span word="fears">fears</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="achievers">achievers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="focus">focus</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="worries">worries</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="exposed">exposed</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="phony">phony</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="feelings">feelings</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="situations">situations</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="workplace">workplace</span> -- <span word="when">when</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="executive">executive</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="accept">accept</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="promotion">promotion</span>, <span word="dig">dig</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tough">tough</span> <span word="project">project</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="voice">voice</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fledgling">fledgling</span> <span word="idea">idea</span>. <span word="Joyce">Joyce</span> <span word="Roche">Roche</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="former">former</span> <span word="senior">senior</span> <span word="executive">executive</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Avon">Avon</span> <span word="Products">Products</span>, <span word="worried">worried</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="secret">secret</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> '<span word="not">not</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="smart">smart</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="prepared">prepared</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="counterparts">counterparts</span>,' <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Ms">Ms</span>. <span word="Roche">Roche</span>, <span word="author">author</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="topic">topic</span>, '<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Empress">Empress</span> <span word="Has">Has</span> <span word="No">No</span> <span word="Clothes">Clothes</span>.'</p><p>与普通情感上的不安全感不同，“冒名顶替者恐惧”影响的是成就较高者，主要与担心自己会被揭为名不副实的忧虑有关。这些感觉会在职场的许多情境中出现，比如管理者在获得晋升机会、被要求实施一个棘手的项目或表达一个尚未完全成熟的想法时。乔伊丝・罗奇(<span word="Joyce">Joyce</span> <span word="Roche">Roche</span>)原是雅芳(<span word="Avon">Avon</span> <span word="Products">Products</span>)的一名高管，她说多年来她曾一直私下担心自己“不像我的同事那么聪明、那么有准备，也不像他们那么出色”。她最近出版了一本与该话题有关的书――《“皇后的新装”：战胜自我怀疑》(<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Empress">Empress</span> <span word="Has">Has</span> <span word="No">No</span> <span word="Clothes">Clothes</span>)。</p>
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