什么决定了人的音乐品味？
<p><span word="What">What</span> <span word="determines">determines</span> <span word="people">people</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="taste">taste</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="music">music</span>?</p><p>什么决定了人的音乐品味？</p><p>来自哥伦比亚大学音乐理论本科主任<span word="Mariusz">Mariusz</span> <span word="Kozak">Kozak</span>的回答：</p><p><span word="OUR">OUR</span> <span word="PREFERENCE">PREFERENCE</span> <span word="FOR">FOR</span> <span word="THIS">THIS</span> <span word="OR">OR</span> <span word="THAT">THAT</span> <span word="KIND">KIND</span> <span word="OF">OF</span> <span word="MUSIC">MUSIC</span> <span word="IS">IS</span> <span word="obviously">obviously</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="deeply">deeply</span> <span word="subjective">subjective</span> <span word="matter">matter</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="highly">highly</span> <span word="unstable">unstable</span>, <span word="changing">changing</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lifetime">lifetime</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="scale">scale</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="months">months</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="days">days</span>. <span word="Yet">Yet</span> <span word="despite">despite</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="variety">variety</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="main">main</span> <span word="contributors">contributors</span>.</p><p>我们对这种或那种音乐的偏好显然是很主观的一件事，变数也很大，不仅在人的一生中会发生变化，甚至在几个月、几天内都会发生变化。然而尽管有这些变数，我认为有三个因素主要决定了我们的音乐品味。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="upbringing">upbringing</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="musical">musical</span> <span word="background">background</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="surrounded">surrounded</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="formative">formative</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p>首先就是我们的教养，或我们性格形成期周围的音乐背景。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="music">music</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="exposed">exposed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="infants">infants</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="toddlers">toddlers</span> <span word="helped">helped</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="specific">specific</span> <span word="mental">mental</span> <span word="patterns">patterns</span>—<span word="schemata">schemata</span>—<span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="typical">typical</span> <span word="melodic">melodic</span>, <span word="harmonic">harmonic</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="rhythmic">rhythmic</span> <span word="progressions">progressions</span>.</p><p>我们婴幼儿时期所接触的音乐类型帮助我们形成了非常特殊的心理模式——图示，它是最典型的有旋律的、协调的、有节奏的过程。</p><p><span word="These">These</span> <span word="schemata">schemata</span> <span word="serve">serve</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="expectations">expectations</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="listen">listen</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="music">music</span>, <span word="and">and</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="turns">turns</span> <span word="out">out</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="greatest">greatest</span> <span word="pleasure">pleasure</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="expectations">expectations</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="met">met</span>.</p>
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