失独家庭：中国社会之痛
<p><span word="When">When</span> <span word="Qu">Qu</span> <span word="Di">Di</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span> <span word="in">in</span> 2007 <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="PhD">PhD</span> <span word="program">program</span>, <span word="her">her</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="return">return</span>. <span word="Qu">Qu</span>, <span word="a">a</span> 25-<span word="year">year</span>-<span word="old">old</span> <span word="math">math</span> <span word="major">major</span>, <span word="dreamed">dreamed</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="university">university</span> <span word="professor">professor</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="province">province</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Liaoning">Liaoning</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="northeastern">northeastern</span> <span word="China">China</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="obtaining">obtaining</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="overseas">overseas</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="step">step</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="earning">earning</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="teaching">teaching</span> <span word="qualification">qualification</span>.</p><p><span word="She">She</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="home">home</span>.</p><p><span word="Qu">Qu</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="mother">mother</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="name">name</span>, <span word="Jiang">Jiang</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="daughter">daughter</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="chat">chat</span> <span word="everyday">everyday</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="QQ">QQ</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="instant">instant</span> <span word="messaging">messaging</span> <span word="service">service</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="Qu">Qu</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Nevada">Nevada</span>, <span word="Las">Las</span> <span word="Vegas">Vegas</span>. <span word="Then">Then</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="May">May</span> <span word="of">of</span> 2008, <span word="Jiang">Jiang</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="unable">unable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="ahold">ahold</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="daughter">daughter</span>. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="scrambled">scrambled</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reach">reach</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Qu">Qu</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="friends">friends</span>, <span word="who">who</span>, <span word="despite">despite</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Qu">Qu</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="death">death</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="school">school</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="office">office</span>, <span word="were">were</span> <span word="reluctant">reluctant</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="mother">mother</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="task">task</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="police">police</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="attempted">attempted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reach">reach</span> <span word="Jiang">Jiang</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="assistance">assistance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="interpreter">interpreter</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="Jiang">Jiang</span> <span word="refused">refused</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="phone">phone</span>. <span word="Instead">Instead</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="relative">relative</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="confirm">confirm</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="couldn">couldn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="bear">bear</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="herself">herself</span>: <span word="her">her</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="killed">killed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="car">car</span> <span word="accident">accident</span>, <span word="along">along</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="others">others</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="road">road</span> <span word="trip">trip</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Grand">Grand</span> <span word="Canyon">Canyon</span>.</p><p>"<span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="over">over</span>," <span word="Jiang">Jiang</span> <span word="said">said</span>, <span word="sobbing">sobbing</span> <span word="uncontrollably">uncontrollably</span>. "<span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="afraid">afraid</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="difficulties">difficulties</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="hope">hope</span>. <span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="everything">everything</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="us">us</span>."</p><p><span word="Jiang">Jiang</span>, 59, <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="birth">birth</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Qu">Qu</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1983, <span word="making">making</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="generation">generation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="subject">subject</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="China">China</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="one">one</span>-<span word="child">child</span> <span word="policy">policy</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1980. <span word="Jiang">Jiang</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="office">office</span> <span word="worker">worker</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="state">state</span>-<span word="owned">owned</span> <span word="steel">steel</span> <span word="factory">factory</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Benxi">Benxi</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="city">city</span> 650 <span word="miles">miles</span> <span word="east">east</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="implementation">implementation</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="strict">strict</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="allowed">allowed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="return">return</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="maternity">maternity</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="certificate">certificate</span> <span word="proving">proving</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="inserted">inserted</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="intrauterine">intrauterine</span> <span word="device">device</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="birth">birth</span> <span word="control">control</span>.</p>
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