自行车回归,能否拯救北京交通
<p><span word="Living">Living</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> 2000<span word="s">s</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="laborious">laborious</span> <span word="chore">chore</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="morning">morning</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="ride">ride</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="bike">bike</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span>: <span word="pulling">pulling</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="neighbors">neighbors</span>’ <span word="bicycles">bicycles</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="stacked">stacked</span> <span word="together">together</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="turkey">turkey</span> <span word="meat">meat</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sandwich">sandwich</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="stretched">stretched</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="endless">endless</span> <span word="line">line</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="when">when</span> 40% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span>, <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> “<span word="kingdom">kingdom</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="bicycles">bicycles</span>, ” <span word="cycled">cycled</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="school">school</span>.</p><p>本世纪初那几年住在北京时，我每天早上骑车上学前都要干一件体力活：把我的自行车从附近左邻右里的一堆车子中生拉硬拽出来，这些车子堆放在一起像极了三明治里的土耳其烤肉，而且绵延无边的阵仗又一眼望不到头。那时四成的中国居民都骑车上班和上学，中国又称“自行车王国”。</p><p><span word="Now">Now</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span>’<span word="s">s</span> 19 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="residents">residents</span> <span word="and">and</span> 5.3 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="cars">cars</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="highways">highways</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="parking">parking</span> <span word="lots">lots</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="subways">subways</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="sardine">sardine</span> <span word="tins">tins</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="municipal">municipal</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="urgently">urgently</span> <span word="calling">calling</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="comeback">comeback</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="old">old</span>-<span word="school">school</span> <span word="bicycle">bicycle</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="June">June</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span>, 2, 000 <span word="public">public</span> <span word="bikes">bikes</span> <span word="appeared">appeared</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="downtown">downtown</span> <span word="districts">districts</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span>. <span word="With">With</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="refundable">refundable</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="deposit">deposit</span>, <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span> <span word="citizens">citizens</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="rent">rent</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bikes">bikes</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="charge">charge</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="hour">hour</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="for">for</span> 1 <span word="RMB">RMB</span>, <span word="or">or</span> 16 <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. <span word="cents">cents</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="hour">hour</span> <span word="afterward">afterward</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="later">later</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="added">added</span> <span word="another">another</span> 12, 000 <span word="bicycles">bicycles</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="outer">outer</span>-<span word="suburb">suburb</span> <span word="districts">districts</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="goal">goal</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="quadruple">quadruple</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="figure">figure</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="raising">raising</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="usage">usage</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="bicycles">bicycles</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="above">above</span> 20%.</p><p>现在，随着北京的1,900万居民和530万辆汽车将高速路变成停车场，将地铁变成沙丁鱼罐头，北京市政府紧急呼吁老派的自行车回归。去年6月，2,000辆公共自行车出现在北京的两个商业区里。交上一笔可退还的押金后，北京市民就可以租借这些自行车了，第一个小时免费，之后每小时收费1元（约合16美分）。一年后，北京市政府在五环外的郊区又增加投放了1.2万辆自行车。目标是在接下来两年里令这一数字增长三倍，将北京的自行车使用率提高到20%以上。</p>
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