研究：书中用词反映现代人变自私
<p>加州大学洛杉矶分校的心理学教授帕特丽夏•格林菲尔德最近进行了一项研究，发现在过去的两个世纪里，随着物质财富的增加和城市化进程，人们却变得更加自私了。格林菲尔德教授分析了从1800年到2000年出版的150万本英美书籍中的用词，发现像“选择”、“获得”这种词的使用量增加，而像“责任”“给予”这类词的使用减少，并且，人们用词越来越关注自我，如“独一无二”、“个体”、“自我”等词的使用量都在增加，格林菲尔德教授认为这意味着英美社会在变得越来越自私。</p><p>除此之外，研究还发现现代人更加了解自己的情绪，因为“感觉”的使用量增加而“行动”的使用量有所减少。宗教、服从和社会关系的重要性在下降，因为“权威”“归属”“祷告”等词变得越来越不流行了。</p><p><span word="Analysis">Analysis</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 1.5 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="British">British</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="between">between</span> 1800 <span word="and">and</span> 2000 <span word="has">has</span> <span word="revealed">revealed</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="cultural">cultural</span> <span word="values">values</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="time">time</span>.</p><p><span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="like">like</span> “<span word="choose">choose</span>” <span word="and">and</span> “<span word="get">get</span>” <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="centuries">centuries</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="like">like</span> “<span word="obliged">obliged</span>” <span word="and">and</span> “<span word="give">give</span>” <span word="decreased">decreased</span>.</p><p><span word="There">There</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="indication">indication</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="touch">touch</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="emotions">emotions</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="were">were</span> – <span word="the">the</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> “<span word="feel">feel</span>” <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="while">while</span> “<span word="act">act</span>” <span word="decreased">decreased</span>.</p>
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