男孩被诊断自闭症几率是女孩四倍
<p><span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="boys">boys</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="diagnosed">diagnosed</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="autism">autism</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="girls">girls</span>?</p><p>为什么男孩被诊断出患有自闭症的几率是女孩的四倍？</p><p><span word="New">New</span> <span word="research">research</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="latest">latest</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="International">International</span> <span word="Society">Society</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Autism">Autism</span> <span word="Research">Research</span> <span word="annual">annual</span> <span word="conference">conference</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="week">week</span>, <span word="addresses">addresses</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="question">question</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="biggest">biggest</span> <span word="mysteries">mysteries</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="field">field</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="consensus">consensus</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="arguing">arguing</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="sex">sex</span> <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="exist">exist</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="genetic">genetic</span> <span word="susceptibility">susceptibility</span>, <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="autism">autism</span> -- <span word="and">and</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="meaningful">meaningful</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="understanding">understanding</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="disorder">disorder</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="treated">treated</span>.</p><p>新近的一项研究对自闭症领域中这个最大的谜团之一进行了论证，该研究涵括了来自2013年国际自闭症研究协会(<span word="International">International</span> <span word="Society">Society</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Autism">Autism</span> <span word="Research">Research</span>)年度会议的一些最新数据。一个日益达成的共识是，在自闭症患者的遗传易感性、大脑发育和社会学习这些方面都存在着性别差异，这对我们了解自闭症、该如何对症下药意义深远。</p><p><span word="Yale">Yale</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="presented">presented</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="showing">showing</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="female">female</span> <span word="appears">appears</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="genetic">genetic</span> <span word="protection">protection</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="autism">autism</span>. <span word="Meanwhile">Meanwhile</span>, <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Emory">Emory</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="showed">showed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="preliminary">preliminary</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="boys">boys</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="girls">girls</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="autism">autism</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="differently">differently</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="leads">leads</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="divergent">divergent</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="interactions">interactions</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="people">people</span>.</p><p>耶鲁大学(<span word="Yale">Yale</span> <span word="University">University</span>)研究人员展示的结果显示，女性自身似乎会针对自闭症提供一种基因上的防护。与此同时，埃默里大学(<span word="Emory">Emory</span> <span word="University">University</span>)的科学家在初期研究中发现，患有自闭症的男孩和女孩在了解社会信息方面的表现并不相同，这就导致了他们在与他人互动的效果上也会有差别。</p>
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