义务与责任: 中国科学家率先查明H7N9病毒来源
<p><span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="detected">detected</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="similarity">similarity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gene">gene</span> <span word="sequence">sequence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9 <span word="flu">flu</span> <span word="virus">virus</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9 <span word="found">found</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="poultry">poultry</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="Academy">Academy</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Agricultural">Agricultural</span> <span word="Sciences">Sciences</span> (<span word="CAAS">CAAS</span>) <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Tuesday">Tuesday</span>。</p><p>记者23日从中国农业科学院获悉，该院哈尔滨兽医研究所陈化兰科研团队经过连续作战，最新得出的研究结果表明：在我国导致人感染的新型<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9流感病毒与同一时期存在于活禽市场上的<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9禽流感病毒高度同源，在国际上首次从病原学角度揭示了新型<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9流感病毒的来源，为我国科学防控<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9禽流感提供了重要依据。</p><p><span word="Studies">Studies</span>, <span word="carried">carried</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="CAAS">CAAS</span> <span word="Harbin">Harbin</span> <span word="Veterinary">Veterinary</span> <span word="Research">Research</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span>, <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9 <span word="flu">flu</span> <span word="virus">virus</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="combination">combination</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="genes">genes</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="viruses">viruses</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="CAAS">CAAS</span> <span word="statement">statement</span> <span word="said">said</span>.</p><p>研究结果表明，新型<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9流感病毒是不同来源病毒的重组病毒，它的6个内部基因来源于<span word="H">H</span>9<span word="N">N</span>2禽流感病毒，而血凝素(<span word="HA">HA</span>)和神经氨酸酶(<span word="NA">NA</span>)基因的来源尚不明确。研究发现，新型<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9病毒的受体结合位点获得了部分人流感病毒特征的突变，病毒在感染人后获得了关键氨基酸位点的适应性突变，这些可能与该病毒对人的感染和致死能力有关。</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9 <span word="flu">flu</span> <span word="virus">virus</span>, <span word="six">six</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="inner">inner</span> <span word="genes">genes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="H">H</span>9<span word="N">N</span>2 <span word="bird">bird</span> <span word="flu">flu</span> <span word="virus">virus</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="origins">origins</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="hemagglutinin">hemagglutinin</span> (<span word="HA">HA</span>) <span word="gene">gene</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="neuraminidase">neuraminidase</span> (<span word="NA">NA</span>) <span word="gene">gene</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="clear">clear</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="statement">statement</span> <span word="said">said</span>。</p><p>自从3月31日国家卫生和计划生育委员会公布了上海和安徽出现新型人感染<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9流感病毒病例之后，哈尔滨兽医所科研团队连夜分赴各地开展监测，彻夜进行实验室诊断、病毒分离与基因序列比对。他们先后在上海、安徽的活禽市场和养殖场采集病原学样品970份，在分离自活禽市场采集的样品中，检测出20份<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9禽流感病毒阳性，而所有养殖场样品的检测结果均为阴性。通过基因序列分析表明，<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9禽流感病毒的各个基因片段，与<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9人体分离株高度同源，证明了导致人感染和致死的<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9流感病毒可能来源于同一时期家禽中的<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9禽流感病毒。</p>
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