致命职业病: 工作压力大易患心脏病
<p><span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="hours">hours</span>, <span word="take">take</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="vacations">vacations</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="retire">retire</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="employees">employees</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="industrialized">industrialized</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="figures">figures</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="prime">prime</span> <span word="candidates">candidates</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="burnout">burnout</span> -- <span word="the">the</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span> <span word="exhaustion">exhaustion</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="stress">stress</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="time">time</span>.</p><p>发人群。职业倦怠是指长期工作压力造成的身心疲惫。</p><p><span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="so">so</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Tel">Tel</span> <span word="Aviv">Aviv</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="teamed">teamed</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="link">link</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="burnout">burnout</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="disease">disease</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="surprise">surprise</span>: <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="disenchanted">disenchanted</span> <span word="employees">employees</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> 79% <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="less">less</span>-<span word="stressed">stressed</span> <span word="peers">peers</span>.</p><p>以色列特拉维夫大学（<span word="Tel">Tel</span> <span word="Aviv">Aviv</span> <span word="University">University</span>）商学院和医学院的研究人员展开合作，试图弄清楚职业倦怠和心脏病之间有无关联。结果，他们有了惊人的发现：压力大的员工患心脏病的几率比压力小的员工高出79%。</p><p>"<span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="alarming">alarming</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="extreme">extreme</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="expected">expected</span>, " <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Sharon">Sharon</span> <span word="Toker">Toker</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Psychosomatic">Psychosomatic</span> <span word="Medicine">Medicine</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="burnout">burnout</span> <span word="is">is</span> "<span word="a">a</span> <span word="stronger">stronger</span> <span word="predictor">predictor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="coronary">coronary</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="disease">disease</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="factors">factors</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="blood">blood</span> <span word="lipid">lipid</span> <span word="levels">levels</span>, <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="activity">activity</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span>.</p><p>领导这项研究的沙龙•托克说：“这个发现令人震惊，远远超过了我们的预料。”这项研究成果发表在《心身医学》（<span word="Psychosomatic">Psychosomatic</span> <span word="Medicine">Medicine</span>）杂志上。研究结果显示，职业倦怠是“非常强烈的冠心病指标，超过了其他的已知风险因素，包括血脂水平、身体活动和吸烟等”。</p>
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