美国易发枪击案的社区都有这4个特点
<p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="debate">debate</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="shootings">shootings</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="highly">highly</span> <span word="politicised">politicised</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="doctors">doctors</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="desperately">desperately</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reclaim">reclaim</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="conversation">conversation</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reason">reason</span>.</p><p>近些年来，美国关于大规模枪击事件的辩论变得高度政治化，医生则试图拼命用数据和推理来挽回对话。</p><p><span word="By">By</span> <span word="developing">developing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="profile">profile</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="communities">communities</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="shootings">shootings</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="occurred">occurred</span>, <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="trauma">trauma</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="identified">identified</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="main">main</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="lead">lead</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="shootings">shootings</span>; <span word="the">the</span> <span word="list">list</span> <span word="includes">includes</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="mental">mental</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="gun">gun</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="laws">laws</span>.</p><p>通过研究大规模枪击事件发生社区的档案，一个创伤研究团队鉴别了可能导致大规模枪击的四种社会因素，名单上包括缺少精神健康支持渠道和缺乏枪支管控法律。</p><p><span word="To">To</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="clear">clear</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="reveals">reveals</span> <span word="correlations">correlations</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="truly">truly</span> <span word="predictive">predictive</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="inform">inform</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="policies">policies</span>.</p><p>清楚地说，研究只揭露了相关性。但是如果这些因素真的具有预示性，那么可以帮助影响更加有效的公共健康政策。</p><p>"<span word="Traditionally">Traditionally</span>, <span word="these">these</span> <span word="shooting">shooting</span> <span word="incidents">incidents</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="attention">attention</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hospital">hospital</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="trauma">trauma</span>," <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Stephen">Stephen</span> <span word="Markowiak">Markowiak</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="general">general</span> <span word="surgery">surgery</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="fellow">fellow</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Toledo">Toledo</span>, <span word="Ohio">Ohio</span>.</p><p>“这些枪击事件历来得到很多关注，因为它们在医院中被诊断为创伤。”俄亥俄州托莱多大学的一名普通外科研究员斯蒂芬·马克威阿克说。</p>
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