性别避风港: 容易被忽视的女性犯罪
<p><span word="One">One</span> <span word="winter">winter</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1961, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Newark">Newark</span> <span word="Valley">Valley</span>, <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="couple">couple</span> <span word="Tim">Tim</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Waneta">Waneta</span> <span word="Hoyt">Hoyt</span> <span word="experienced">experienced</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="horrible">horrible</span> <span word="tragedy">tragedy</span>. <span word="Their">Their</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="child">child</span>, <span word="Eric">Eric</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="months">months</span> <span word="old">old</span>, <span word="suddenly">suddenly</span> <span word="died">died</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="precise">precise</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="infant">infant</span> <span word="mortality">mortality</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="mysterious">mysterious</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="doctors">doctors</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="obvious">obvious</span> <span word="explanation">explanation</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Eric">Eric</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="death">death</span>—<span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="stopped">stopped</span> <span word="breathing">breathing</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="Waneta">Waneta</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="birth">birth</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="boy">boy</span>, <span word="James">James</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="he">he</span>, <span word="too">too</span>, <span word="abruptly">abruptly</span> <span word="died">died</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="couple">couple</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="infant">infant</span>, <span word="Julie">Julie</span>, <span word="in">in</span> 1968, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Tim">Tim</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Waneta">Waneta</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Alfred">Alfred</span> <span word="Steinschneider">Steinschneider</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="researcher">researcher</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Syracuse">Syracuse</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="specialized">specialized</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Sudden">Sudden</span> <span word="Infant">Infant</span> <span word="Death">Death</span> <span word="Syndrome">Syndrome</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="S">S</span>.<span word="I">I</span>.<span word="D">D</span>.<span word="S">S</span>.</p><p>1961年的某个冬日，对于纽约州纽华克的年轻夫妇蒂姆·霍伊特和华内塔·霍伊特来说，是悲痛的一天。他们的大儿子——未满三个月大的埃里克猝死。一直以来对于婴儿死亡原因的确切诊断都是一个难题，这次也未能例外。医生无法断定埃里克的死因——他就只是简单地停止了呼吸而已。第二年，华内塔生下了他们的第二个孩子詹姆斯。不幸的是，第二个孩子也突然死亡。1968年，当这对夫妇的第三个孩子朱莉，因为不明原因猝死之后。这对悲痛的夫妇找到了锡拉丘兹的阿尔弗雷德·斯坦因施耐德博士，他专门研究婴儿猝死综合症( <span word="Sudden">Sudden</span> <span word="Infant">Infant</span> <span word="Death">Death</span> <span word="Syndrome">Syndrome</span> )，简称<span word="S">S</span>.<span word="I">I</span>.<span word="D">D</span>.<span word="S">S</span>。</p><p><span word="After">After</span> <span word="examining">examining</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="history">history</span>, <span word="Dr">Dr</span>. <span word="Steinschneider">Steinschneider</span> <span word="concluded">concluded</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="S">S</span>.<span word="I">I</span>.<span word="D">D</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="genetic">genetic</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="deaths">deaths</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="multiple">multiple</span> <span word="infants">infants</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="family">family</span>. <span word="Waneta">Waneta</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="birth">birth</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="children">children</span>, <span word="Molly">Molly</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Noah">Noah</span>, <span word="both">both</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="whom">whom</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="Steinschneider">Steinschneider</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="care">care</span>. <span word="In">In</span> 1972, <span word="Steinschneider">Steinschneider</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="landmark">landmark</span> <span word="paper">paper</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Pediatrics">Pediatrics</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="argued">argued</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="S">S</span>.<span word="I">I</span>.<span word="D">D</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="hereditary">hereditary</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="related">related</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="apnea">apnea</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="paper">paper</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="success">success</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sales">sales</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="monitors">monitors</span>—<span word="which">which</span> <span word="Steinschneider">Steinschneider</span> <span word="recommended">recommended</span>—<span word="took">took</span> <span word="off">off</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="twenty">twenty</span> <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Hoyts">Hoyts</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="described">described</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="paper">paper</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="as">as</span> “<span word="the">the</span> ‘<span word="H">H</span>’ <span word="family">family</span>,” <span word="served">served</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sad">sad</span> <span word="exemplar">exemplar</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="literature">literature</span>.</p>
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