研究曝莎翁另一面：饥荒囤粮 逃避税收
<p>英国阿伯里斯特威斯大学的研究人员表示，被世人仰慕的文学巨匠莎士比亚其实还有不为人知的一面：他曾是一个“无良商人”，而且还是逃税份子。研究人员查阅文档后发现，莎士比亚曾是一个有钱的地主，在欧洲饥荒期间他曾以高价出售囤积的粮食，且因逃税而屡次被告上法庭。研究人员称，莎士比亚尽其所能“逃避税收，从别人的消费中将个人收益最大化，在创作有关弱势人群的文学作品的同时搜刮他们的钱财。”研究人员指出，因为当时没有版权概念，莎士比亚完全没有意识到自己的作品也能带来收入；通过合法和非法的商业活动，到1613年莎士比亚已是当地最大的地主，并在当年宣布退休，而他的工作生涯仅为24年。</p><p><span word="It">It</span> <span word="sounds">sounds</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="character">character</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="deeply">deeply</span> <span word="unpopular">unpopular</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="plays">plays</span>.</p><p><span word="William">William</span> <span word="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> '<span word="ruthless">ruthless</span> <span word="businessman">businessman</span>' <span word="and">and</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="dodger">dodger</span>, <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="claimed">claimed</span>.</p><p><span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="wrote">wrote</span> <span word="plays">plays</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="championed">championed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="needy">needy</span>, <span word="archived">archived</span> <span word="documents">documents</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="playwright">playwright</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wealthy">wealthy</span> <span word="landowner">landowner</span> <span word="repeatedly">repeatedly</span> <span word="dragged">dragged</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="courts">courts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fined">fined</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="illegally">illegally</span> <span word="stockpiling">stockpiling</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="threatened">threatened</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="jail">jail</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="evading">evading</span> <span word="taxes">taxes</span>.</p><p><span word="He">He</span> '<span word="stored">stored</span> <span word="grain">grain</span>, <span word="malt">malt</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="barley">barley</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="resale">resale</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="inflated">inflated</span> <span word="prices">prices</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="neighbours">neighbours</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="tradesmen">tradesmen</span>' <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="suffering">suffering</span> <span word="famines">famines</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="academics">academics</span> <span word="said">said</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="channelled">channelled</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="profits">profits</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="land">land</span> <span word="purchases">purchases</span>.</p>
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