美法官裁定FBI以国家安全名义获取用户信息违宪
<p>美国一位法官近日裁定美国联邦调查局（<span word="FBI">FBI</span>）向电信公司发国家安全信函要求获取用户信息的行为违背宪法，要求其停止该行为。不过，这一裁决要等到90天的上诉期结束以后才能生效。加利福尼亚一家电信公司的首席执行官表示，这一裁决是“自小布什签署《爱国者法案》以来最重要的一次宪法维权胜利，从这一天起，美国政府在没有法庭监督情况下通过国家安全信函获取个人信息以及侵犯信函接收者第一修正案权利的行为将被叫停”。国家安全信函（<span word="national">national</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="letters">letters</span>，<span word="NSLs">NSLs</span>）是911以后美国政府反恐举措的重要一部分。去年，联邦调查局共向7000多名美国人发出超过1.6万封涉及个人信息的国家安全信函，内容多与金融、网络或电话记录有关。之前也有庭审案件指责联邦调查局滥用国家安全信函条款获取与反恐无关的个人信息。</p><p><span word="Credo">Credo</span> <span word="Mobile">Mobile</span> <span word="speaks">speaks</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="judge">judge</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stop">stop</span> <span word="issuing">issuing</span> '<span word="national">national</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="letters">letters</span>' <span word="to">to</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="citizens">citizens</span>' <span word="data">data</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Californian">Californian</span> <span word="telecoms">telecoms</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="stunning">stunning</span> <span word="court">court</span> <span word="victory">victory</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="blown">blown</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hole">hole</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="FBI">FBI</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="highly">highly</span> <span word="secretive">secretive</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="collecting">collecting</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="citizens">citizens</span>' <span word="private">private</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="hailed">hailed</span> <span word="the">the</span> "<span word="significant">significant</span>" <span word="legal">legal</span> <span word="breakthrough">breakthrough</span>.</p><p><span word="Credo">Credo</span>, <span word="based">based</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="San">San</span> <span word="Francisco">Francisco</span>, <span word="spoke">spoke</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="federal">federal</span> <span word="judge">judge</span> <span word="ordered">ordered</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stop">stop</span> <span word="issuing">issuing</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="called">called</span> "<span word="national">national</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="letters">letters</span>" – <span word="demands">demands</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="contain">contain</span> <span word="in">in</span>-<span word="built">built</span> <span word="gagging">gagging</span> <span word="clauses">clauses</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="prevent">prevent</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="recipients">recipients</span> <span word="disclosing">disclosing</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="existence">existence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="identity">identity</span>.</p>
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