315消费者权益日：消费者权利和义务知多少
<p><span word="On">On</span> 15 <span word="March">March</span>, 1962, <span word="US">US</span> <span word="President">President</span> <span word="John">John</span> <span word="F">F</span>. <span word="Kennedy">Kennedy</span> <span word="delivered">delivered</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="historic">historic</span> <span word="address">address</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="Congress">Congress</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="outlined">outlined</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="vision">vision</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="consumer">consumer</span> <span word="rights">rights</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="politician">politician</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="formerly">formerly</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="principles">principles</span>.</p><p>1962年，美国总统约翰·肯尼迪在美国国会发表了一次历史性的演说。在演说中，他提出了消费者权益纲要。这是有史以来第一位提出消费者权益的政治家。</p><p><span word="Over">Over</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="consumer">consumer</span> <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="vision">vision</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="eight">eight</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="consumer">consumer</span> <span word="rights">rights</span>:</p><p>随着时间的演进，消费者运动将肯尼迪的纲要发展成为八项消费者权益：</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="satisfaction">satisfaction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> - <span word="To">To</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="basic">basic</span>, <span word="essential">essential</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="services">services</span>: <span word="adequate">adequate</span> <span word="food">food</span>, <span word="clothing">clothing</span>, <span word="shelter">shelter</span>, <span word="health">health</span> <span word="care">care</span>, <span word="education">education</span>, <span word="public">public</span> <span word="utilities">utilities</span>, <span word="water">water</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sanitation">sanitation</span>.</p><p>满足基本需要的权利——获得生活必需的产品和服务：充足的食物、衣服、住房、医疗、教育、公共事业（公共交通、电力等）、清洁的水和卫生设备。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="safety">safety</span> - <span word="To">To</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="protected">protected</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="products">products</span>, <span word="production">production</span> <span word="processes">processes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="services">services</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="hazardous">hazardous</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="life">life</span>.</p><p>获得安全保障的权利——确保消费者购得的产品及其制造过程，以及服务对健康或生命不会构成危害。个人资料及隐私应备受尊重及保障。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="informed">informed</span> - <span word="To">To</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="facts">facts</span> <span word="needed">needed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="informed">informed</span> <span word="choice">choice</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="protected">protected</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="dishonest">dishonest</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="misleading">misleading</span> <span word="advertising">advertising</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="labelling">labelling</span>.</p>
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