智利科学家研发世界首例酒瘾疫苗
<p>智利大学的研究人员已研制出世界首例酒瘾疫苗。这种疫苗注射入体内后，酒瘾患者浅酌一口便能立即产生心跳加速、恶心等宿醉症状，令其痛苦不堪。研究人员表示，将从2月起用该疫苗在老鼠身上进行临床前试验，人体试验将在11月进行。据介绍，该疫苗在体内有效期至少为6个月，且注射后产生的反应无法人为消除。研究人员预计，注射疫苗后，当地的酒类消费量有望下降90%。世界卫生组织2011年的数据显示，酒精是世界第三大致病和致残危险因素，每年因酗酒导致的死亡人数为250万。</p><p><span word="While">While</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="proffered">proffered</span> <span word="potential">potential</span> <span word="treatments">treatments</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="alcoholism">alcoholism</span>, <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="develop">develop</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="vaccine">vaccine</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="treat">treat</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="maladaptive">maladaptive</span> <span word="pattern">pattern</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drinking">drinking</span>.</p><p><span word="However">However</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Chile">Chile</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="successful">successful</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="February">February</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="preclinical">preclinical</span> <span word="trials">trials</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="alcoholism">alcoholism</span> <span word="vaccine">vaccine</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Santiago">Santiago</span> <span word="Times">Times</span> <span word="reports">reports</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="vaccine">vaccine</span> <span word="delivers">delivers</span> <span word="somewhat">somewhat</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="instant">instant</span> <span word="hangover">hangover</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="patient">patient</span> <span word="takes">takes</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="sip">sip</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="alcohol">alcohol</span>. <span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="test">test</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="vaccine">vaccine</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="mice">mice</span>; <span word="human">human</span> <span word="trials">trials</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="November">November</span>.</p><p>"<span word="If">If</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="works">works</span>, <span word="it">it</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="worldwide">worldwide</span> <span word="impact">impact</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="vaccines">vaccines</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="test">test</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="carefully">carefully</span>." <span word="Dr">Dr</span>. <span word="Juan">Juan</span> <span word="Asenjo">Asenjo</span>, <span word="director">director</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="university">university</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Cell">Cell</span> <span word="Dynamics">Dynamics</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</span>, <span word="told">told</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Santiago">Santiago</span> <span word="Times">Times</span>. "<span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chances">chances</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="high">high</span>."</p>
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