我们只使用了大脑的10%?
<p><span word="Pop">Pop</span> <span word="quiz">quiz</span>: <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="statements">statements</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="false">false</span>?</p><p>突击测试：下面这些表述中哪一个是错的？</p><p>1. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="only">only</span> 10% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="brain">brain</span>.</p><p>1. 我们只使用了大脑的10%。</p><p>2. <span word="Environments">Environments</span> <span word="rich">rich</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="stimuli">stimuli</span> <span word="improve">improve</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brains">brains</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="preschool">preschool</span> <span word="children">children</span>.</p><p>2. 刺激物丰富的环境可以促进学龄前儿童的大脑发育。</p><p>3. <span word="Individuals">Individuals</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="receive">receive</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="preferred">preferred</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="style">style</span>, <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="auditory">auditory</span>, <span word="visual">visual</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="kinesthetic">kinesthetic</span>.</p><p>3. 个人以自己喜欢的学习方式接收信息时，学习效果更好，无论他们使用的是听觉、视觉还是动觉。</p><p><span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="picked">picked</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="one">one</span>, <span word="congratulations">congratulations</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="only">only</span> 10% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="patently">patently</span> <span word="false">false</span>. <span word="Yet">Yet</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="permeates">permeates</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="among">among</span> <span word="psychologists">psychologists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="neuroscientists">neuroscientists</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> '10% <span word="myth">myth</span>.' <span word="Contrary">Contrary</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="belief">belief</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="entire">entire</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span>─<span word="unused">unused</span> <span word="neurons">neurons</span> <span word="die">die</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="unused">unused</span> <span word="circuits">circuits</span> <span word="atrophy">atrophy</span>. <span word="Reports">Reports</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="neuroimaging">neuroimaging</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="perpetuate">perpetuate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="myth">myth</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="showing">showing</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> '<span word="lighting">lighting</span> <span word="up">up</span>' <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="scan">scan</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="base">base</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="activity">activity</span>; <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dark">dark</span> <span word="regions">regions</span> <span word="aren">aren</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="dormant">dormant</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="unused">unused</span>.</p><p><span word="Mark">Mark</span> <span word="Nerys">Nerys</span>10%误区如果你选择的答案是1，恭喜你答对了。我们只使用了大脑的10%这种想法肯定是错误的。然而这种观点在大众文化中太深入人心了，心理学家和神经学家将其称为“10%误区”。事实与普遍的看法正好相反，我们的整个大脑都派上了用场──未使用的神经元会死去，未使用的神经回路会萎缩。神经影像研究报告可能会让这个谜团永远不得其解，因为在大脑扫描中，只有一小部分区域是“亮部”，但其实那只是活动高于基线水平的区域，阴影部分并未休眠或未被使用。</p>
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