研究：成功的美国总统都患有同一种精神缺陷
<p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="character">character</span> <span word="trait">trait</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="psychopaths">psychopaths</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="identified">identified</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="thread">thread</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="successful">successful</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="presidents">presidents</span>.</p><p><span word="Fearless">Fearless</span> <span word="dominance">dominance</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="linked">linked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="apprehensiveness">apprehensiveness</span>, <span word="boosts">boosts</span> <span word="leadership">leadership</span>, <span word="persuasiveness">persuasiveness</span>, <span word="crisis">crisis</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="congressional">congressional</span> <span word="relations">relations</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="research">research</span>.</p><p><span word="Theodore">Theodore</span> <span word="Roosevelt">Roosevelt</span>, <span word="regarded">regarded</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="influential">influential</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="leaders">leaders</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="though">though</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="office">office</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="ranked">ranked</span> <span word="highest">highest</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="personality">personality</span> <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="John">John</span> <span word="F">F</span> <span word="Kennedy">Kennedy</span>, <span word="Franklin">Franklin</span> <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Roosevelt">Roosevelt</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Ronald">Ronald</span> <span word="Reagan">Reagan</span>.</p><p><span word="Then">Then</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="Rutherford">Rutherford</span> <span word="Hayes">Hayes</span>, <span word="Zachary">Zachary</span> <span word="Taylor">Taylor</span>, <span word="Bill">Bill</span> <span word="Clinton">Clinton</span>, <span word="Martin">Martin</span> <span word="Van">Van</span> <span word="Buren">Buren</span>, <span word="Andrew">Andrew</span> <span word="Jackson">Jackson</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="George">George</span> <span word="W">W</span> <span word="Bush">Bush</span>.</p><p><span word="Fearless">Fearless</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dominant">dominant</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="paradoxical">paradoxical</span> <span word="mix">mix</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="charm">charm</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="nastiness">nastiness</span>. <span word="Cool">Cool</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="calm">calm</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="pressure">pressure</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="easily">easily</span> <span word="rattled">rattled</span>.</p><p><span word="They">They</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="anticipatory">anticipatory</span> <span word="anxiety">anxiety</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="dangerous">dangerous</span> <span word="actions">actions</span>.</p><p><span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="intelligent">intelligent</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wealthy">wealthy</span>, <span word="relishing">relishing</span> <span word="directing">directing</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="people">people</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="activities">activities</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="basking">basking</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="admiration">admiration</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="analysis">analysis</span>, <span word="published">published</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Journal">Journal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Personality">Personality</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Social">Social</span> <span word="Psychology">Psychology</span>, <span word="drew">drew</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="personality">personality</span> <span word="assessments">assessments</span> <span word="of">of</span> 42 <span word="presidents">presidents</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="George">George</span> <span word="W">W</span> <span word="Bush">Bush</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="compiled">compiled</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Steven">Steven</span> <span word="Rubenzer">Rubenzer</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Thomas">Thomas</span> <span word="Faschingbauer">Faschingbauer</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="book">book</span> ‘<span word="Personality">Personality</span>, <span word="Character">Character</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Leadership">Leadership</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="House">House</span>.’</p><p><span word="More">More</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="experts">experts</span> <span word="including">including</span> <span word="biographers">biographers</span>, <span word="journalists">journalists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="scholars">scholars</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="established">established</span> <span word="authorities">authorities</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="presidents">presidents</span> <span word="evaluated">evaluated</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="target">target</span> <span word="presidents">presidents</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="standardised">standardised</span> <span word="psychological">psychological</span> <span word="measures">measures</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="personality">personality</span>, <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="behaviour">behaviour</span>.</p>
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