美最高法院:医改法案核心内容不违宪
<p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="surprise">surprise</span> <span word="conclusion">conclusion</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="constitutional">constitutional</span> <span word="showdown">showdown</span>, <span word="Chief">Chief</span> <span word="Justice">Justice</span> <span word="John">John</span> <span word="Roberts">Roberts</span> <span word="joined">joined</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Supreme">Supreme</span> <span word="Court">Court</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="liberals">liberals</span> <span word="Thursday">Thursday</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="uphold">uphold</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="linchpin">linchpin</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="President">President</span> <span word="Barack">Barack</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="plan">plan</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="mandate">mandate</span> <span word="requiring">requiring</span> <span word="citizens">citizens</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="insurance">insurance</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="penalty">penalty</span>.</p><p>美国最高法院首席大法官罗伯茨(<span word="John">John</span> <span word="Roberts">Roberts</span>)周四与四名自由派大法官支持了总统奥巴马(<span word="Barack">Barack</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span>)医改法案的核心内容，即要求美国公民投保否则将被处以罚款。这一有关医改法案是否违宪的裁决结果出人意料。</p><p><span word="By">By</span> <span word="a">a</span> 5-4 <span word="vote">vote</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="court">court</span> <span word="held">held</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mandate">mandate</span> <span word="valid">valid</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="Congress">Congress</span>' <span word="constitutional">constitutional</span> <span word="authority">authority</span> "<span word="to">to</span> <span word="lay">lay</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="collect">collect</span> <span word="Taxes">Taxes</span>" <span word="to">to</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="for">for</span> "<span word="the">the</span> <span word="general">general</span> <span word="Welfare">Welfare</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>." <span word="The">The</span> <span word="penalty">penalty</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="failing">failing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="insurance">insurance</span> <span word="possesses">possesses</span> "<span word="the">the</span> <span word="essential">essential</span> <span word="feature">feature</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="tax">tax</span>," <span word="producing">producing</span> <span word="revenue">revenue</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span>, <span word="Chief">Chief</span> <span word="Justice">Justice</span> <span word="Roberts">Roberts</span> <span word="wrote">wrote</span>.</p><p>最高法院以五票赞成、四票反对做出裁决：根据宪法赋予国会的征税为美国大众福利提供资金的权力，医改法案中提出的不投保将被处以罚款的内容有效。罗伯茨写道：不投保将受到惩罚，这一点具有任何税赋的基本特点，将为政府创造收入。</p><p><span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span> <span word="administration">administration</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="asserted">asserted</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="penalty">penalty</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="valid">valid</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="federal">federal</span> <span word="taxing">taxing</span> <span word="power">power</span>, <span word="until">until</span> <span word="Thursday">Thursday</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="court">court</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="fully">fully</span> <span word="accepted">accepted</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="theory">theory</span>. <span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="upheld">upheld</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Patient">Patient</span> <span word="Protection">Protection</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Affordable">Affordable</span> <span word="Care">Care</span> <span word="Act">Act</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="known">known</span>, <span word="did">did</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="Congress">Congress</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="constitutional">constitutional</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="regulate">regulate</span> <span word="interstate">interstate</span> <span word="commerce">commerce</span>.</p>
页:
[1]