怀旧的“四十年黄金定律”
<p>你有没有发现流行文化总会刮起一阵阵的“复古风”和“怀旧风”？你有没有总结过这阵风具有什么样的规律呢？<span word="Adam">Adam</span> <span word="Gopnik">Gopnik</span>发在《纽约客》的一篇文章就为我们揭开了美国流行文化的“四十年黄金定律”（<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Golden">Golden</span> <span word="Forty">Forty</span>-<span word="Year">Year</span> <span word="Rule">Rule</span>）。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="prime">prime</span> <span word="site">site</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nostalgia">nostalgia</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="whatever">whatever</span> <span word="happened">happened</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="happened">happened</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="decade">decade</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="forty">forty</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fifty">fifty</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="past">past</span>.</p><p>人们怀旧的主要场景一般都是那些发生或是我们以为发生在四五十年之前的情景。</p><p><span word="What">What</span> <span word="drives">drives</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span> <span word="isn">isn</span>’<span word="t">t</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="instance">instance</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="watching">watching</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="listening">listening</span>; <span word="it">it</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="producers">producers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="nurture">nurture</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="preferred">preferred</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="push">push</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="audience">audience</span>.</p><p>主导这种“怀旧周期”的并不是流行文化的受众，而是信息的生产者。这些生产者将他们自己所向往的过去重新创造发扬光大，并把这些成果推向广大的受众。</p><p><span word="Though">Though</span> <span word="pop">pop</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="performed">performed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="young">young</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="directors">directors</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="programmers">programmers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="gatekeepers">gatekeepers</span>—<span word="the">the</span> <span word="suits">suits</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="calls">calls</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="players">players</span>—<span word="are">are</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span>, <span word="largely">largely</span> <span word="forty">forty</span>-<span word="somethings">somethings</span>.</p><p>尽管流行文化通常是在年轻人身上体现出来的，但流行文化的指导者、编排者和把关者——包括服装师、场景设计师、联络人和选择演员的工作人员——基本上都是四十岁左右的人。</p>
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