研究：乘车上下班有害身心健康
<p><span word="Workers">Workers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="commute">commute</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="car">car</span>, <span word="bus">bus</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="office">office</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="suffer">suffer</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="stress">stress</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="exhaustion">exhaustion</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Lund">Lund</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Sweden">Sweden</span>.</p><p><span word="Workers">Workers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="commute">commute</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="car">car</span>, <span word="bus">bus</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="office">office</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="suffer">suffer</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="stress">stress</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="exhaustion">exhaustion</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="study">study</span>.</p><p><span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="assessed">assessed</span> 12,000 <span word="employees">employees</span> <span word="aged">aged</span> <span word="between">between</span> 18 <span word="and">and</span> 65.</p><p><span word="They">They</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="travelled">travelled</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="car">car</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="transport">transport</span> <span word="reported">reported</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="stress">stress</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="tiredness">tiredness</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="active">active</span> <span word="commuters">commuters</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="travelled">travelled</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="foot">foot</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="bicycle">bicycle</span>.</p><p><span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="expected">expected</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Lund">Lund</span> <span word="Unversity">Unversity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Sweden">Sweden</span>, <span word="will">will</span> <span word="encourage">encourage</span> <span word="further">further</span> <span word="investigation">investigation</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="impacts">impacts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="commuting">commuting</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="forms">forms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="transportation">transportation</span>.</p><p><span word="Researcher">Researcher</span> <span word="Erik">Erik</span> <span word="Hansson">Hansson</span> <span word="said">said</span>: '<span word="Generally">Generally</span> <span word="car">car</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="transport">transport</span> <span word="users">users</span> <span word="suffered">suffered</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="everyday">everyday</span> <span word="stress">stress</span>, <span word="poorer">poorer</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="quality">quality</span>, <span word="exhaustion">exhaustion</span> <span word="and">and</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="seven">seven</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="scale">scale</span>, <span word="felt">felt</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="struggled">struggled</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="active">active</span> <span word="commuters">commuters</span>.</p><p>'<span word="The">The</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="transport">transport</span> <span word="users">users</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="journey">journey</span> <span word="time">time</span>.'</p><p><span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Office">Office</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Statistics">Statistics</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="Briton">Briton</span> <span word="commutes">commutes</span> <span word="for">for</span> 54 <span word="minutes">minutes</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="day">day</span>.</p><p><span word="But">But</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="claim">claim</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="advantages">advantages</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="travel">travel</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="housing">housing</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span>, <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="weighed">weighed</span> <span word="againstthe">againstthe</span> <span word="adverse">adverse</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="effects">effects</span>.</p><p><span word="It">It</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="impact">impact</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="industry">industry</span>.</p><p><span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="CBI">CBI</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Pfizer">Pfizer</span> <span word="Absence">Absence</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Workplace">Workplace</span> <span word="Health">Health</span> <span word="Survey">Survey</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="UK">UK</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> 190<span word="million">million</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="absence">absence</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="employee">employee</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="of">of</span> 6.5 <span word="days">days</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="sick">sick</span>, <span word="costing">costing</span> <span word="employers">employers</span> ￡17<span word="billion">billion</span>.</p>
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