越小的孩子越能理解动物叫声的含义
<p><span word="It">It</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="sound">sound</span> <span word="barking">barking</span>, <span word="but">but</span> 10-<span word="year">year</span>-<span word="olds">olds</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="age">age</span>.</p><p>也许在我们听来只是狗叫的声音，在一个十岁的孩子看来却不是，他能更好地领会狗狗说话的含义。</p><p><span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Eo">Eo</span>?<span word="tvo">tvo</span>?<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Lora">Lora</span>?<span word="nd">nd</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Budapest">Budapest</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dog">dog</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="bark">bark</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="age">age</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="after">after</span> 10, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="decipher">decipher</span> <span word="meanings">meanings</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="easily">easily</span>.</p><p>在布达佩斯的一所大学中，研究人员发现孩子越小越能理解狗狗说话的含义，但一旦到了10岁，他们就不能那样容易的理解了。</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="tests">tests</span>, <span word="volunteers">volunteers</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="easiest">easiest</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="distinguish">distinguish</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="angry">angry</span> – <span word="but">but</span> 10-<span word="year">year</span>-<span word="olds">olds</span> <span word="excelled">excelled</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="interpreting">interpreting</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="subtle">subtle</span> <span word="noises">noises</span>.</p><p>实验中，志愿者们都说区分狗狗是否在生气是最容易的，但是10岁左右的孩子更擅长区分狗狗发出来的更细小的声音。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="study">study</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="recordings">recordings</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="bark">bark</span> ‘<span word="modes">modes</span>’ - <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="warning">warning</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="stranger">stranger</span>, <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="feeling">feeling</span> <span word="lonely">lonely</span> - <span word="to">to</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="aged">aged</span> <span word="six">six</span>, <span word="eight">eight</span> <span word="and">and</span> 10, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="adults">adults</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="asking">asking</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pair">pair</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="noises">noises</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="corresponding">corresponding</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="facial">facial</span> <span word="expressions">expressions</span>.</p><p>实验是通过播放不同的狗叫声来让人辨认的，例如对陌生人的警告，或是独自玩耍的孤独，将这些声音播放出来后，让六岁，八岁，十岁的孩子及成人把这些声音与相对应的人类表情归类。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="authors">authors</span>, <span word="Pe">Pe</span>?<span word="ter">ter</span> <span word="Pongra">Pongra</span>?<span word="cz">cz</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Csaba">Csaba</span> <span word="Moln">Moln</span>á<span word="r">r</span>, <span word="said">said</span>: ‘<span word="This">This</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="understanding">understanding</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="inner">inner</span> <span word="states">states</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="basis">basis</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="acoustic">acoustic</span> <span word="signals">signals</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="present">present</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="age">age</span>.</p>
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