2011年诺贝尔物理学奖揭晓：宇宙或将终结于冰川
<p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Royal">Royal</span> <span word="Swedish">Swedish</span> <span word="Academy">Academy</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Sciences">Sciences</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="decided">decided</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="award">award</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="Prize">Prize</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Physics">Physics</span> <span word="for">for</span> 2011 <span word="with">with</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Saul">Saul</span> <span word="Perlmutter">Perlmutter</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="jointly">jointly</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Brian">Brian</span> <span word="P">P</span>. <span word="Schmidt">Schmidt</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Adam">Adam</span> <span word="G">G</span>. <span word="Riess">Riess</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="discovery">discovery</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="accelerating">accelerating</span> <span word="expansion">expansion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Universe">Universe</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="observations">observations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="distant">distant</span> <span word="supernovae">supernovae</span>.</p><p>瑞典皇家科学院决定将2011年诺贝尔物理学奖，一半授予萨尔·波尔马特，另一半授予布莱恩·施密特和亚当·里斯，以表彰他们通过观测遥远超新星发现宇宙的膨胀速度正在加快。</p><p>"<span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fire">fire</span>, <span word="some">some</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="ice">ice</span>..."</p><p>有人说世界将终于火海，有人说世界将终于冰川……</p><p><span word="What">What</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="final">final</span> <span word="destiny">destiny</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Universe">Universe</span>? <span word="Probably">Probably</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="ice">ice</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="year">year</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="Laureates">Laureates</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Physics">Physics</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="dozen">dozen</span> <span word="exploding">exploding</span> <span word="stars">stars</span>, <span word="called">called</span> <span word="supernovae">supernovae</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="discovered">discovered</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Universe">Universe</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="expanding">expanding</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="ever">ever</span>-<span word="accelerating">accelerating</span> <span word="rate">rate</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="discovery">discovery</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="complete">complete</span> <span word="surprise">surprise</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Laureates">Laureates</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span>.</p><p>宇宙最终的命运究竟会何去何从？如果我们相信今年诺贝尔物理学奖得住的研究结果，那么宇宙恐怕会终于冰川。他们研究了几十颗爆炸星（也被称为超新星）发现，宇宙的膨胀速度正在不断加快。这个发现让获奖者自己都大为惊讶。</p><p><span word="In">In</span> 1998, <span word="cosmology">cosmology</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="shaken">shaken</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="foundations">foundations</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="teams">teams</span> <span word="presented">presented</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="findings">findings</span>. <span word="Headed">Headed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Saul">Saul</span> <span word="Perlmutter">Perlmutter</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="teams">teams</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1988. <span word="Brian">Brian</span> <span word="Schmidt">Schmidt</span> <span word="headed">headed</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="team">team</span>, <span word="launched">launched</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1994, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="Adam">Adam</span> <span word="Riess">Riess</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="crucial">crucial</span> <span word="role">role</span>.</p>
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