印度的全民逃税运动
<p><span word="As">As</span> <span word="Rama">Rama</span> <span word="Murthy">Murthy</span> <span word="completes">completes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sale">sale</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="apartment">apartment</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Indian">Indian</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="accepts">accepts</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="buyer">buyer</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bag">bag</span> <span word="full">full</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="rupees">rupees</span>—<span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="purchase">purchase</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="see">see</span>. “<span word="Almost">Almost</span> 40 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sale">sale</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="cash">cash</span>,” <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Murthy">Murthy</span>, 39, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="software">software</span> <span word="company">company</span>. “<span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="illegal">illegal</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="it">it</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="rampant">rampant</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="India">India</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="avoid">avoid</span> <span word="paying">paying</span> <span word="tax">tax</span>.”</p><p>在<span word="Rama">Rama</span> <span word="Murthy">Murthy</span>完成了他在<span word="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</span>的房产交易后，他从买家那里得到一袋钱——这部分钱收税人将永远见不到。<span word="Murthy">Murthy</span>是一个软件公司的雇员，他说他的交易中有40%的直接现金支付的，这是非法的，但是这在印度很流行。</p><p><span word="India">India</span> <span word="loses">loses</span> 14 <span word="trillion">trillion</span> <span word="rupees">rupees</span> ($314 <span word="billion">billion</span>) <span word="from">from</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="evasion">evasion</span> <span word="annually">annually</span>, <span word="depriving">depriving</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="funds">funds</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="investment">investment</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="roads">roads</span>, <span word="ports">ports</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="power">power</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Arun">Arun</span> <span word="Kumar">Kumar</span>, <span word="author">author</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Black">Black</span> <span word="Economy">Economy</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="India">India</span>. <span word="General">General</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="revenue">revenue</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="estimated">estimated</span> 18 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="India">India</span>’<span word="s">s</span> $1.5 <span word="trillion">trillion</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="gross">gross</span> <span word="domestic">domestic</span> <span word="product">product</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lowest">lowest</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="BRIC">BRIC</span> <span word="nations">nations</span>, <span word="International">International</span> <span word="Monetary">Monetary</span> <span word="Fund">Fund</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="show">show</span>. <span word="With">With</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="revenue">revenue</span> <span word="coming">coming</span> <span word="in">in</span>, <span word="Prime">Prime</span> <span word="Minister">Minister</span> <span word="Manmohan">Manmohan</span> <span word="Singh">Singh</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="attempting">attempting</span> <span word="India">India</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="biggest">biggest</span> <span word="overhaul">overhaul</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="code">code</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="century">century</span>.</p><p>印度黑色经济的作者<span word="Arun">Arun</span> <span word="Kumar">Kumar</span>说印度每年有14万亿折合美元3140亿逃税额，这些逃税额都只能从道路，港口和能源等等方面扣除。<span word="IMF">IMF</span>的数据显示印度的政府财政收入只有1.5万亿<span word="GDP">GDP</span>的18%，是金砖四国的最低值。在这么低的税率下，印度的首相<span word="MAnmohan">MAnmohan</span> <span word="Singh">Singh</span>将在印度进行一次最大的税率制度改革，这是半世纪以来的第一次。</p>
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