研究发现:睡着了也能学习?
<p><span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="question">question</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="functions">functions</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="rested">rested</span>,<span word="but">but</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="finds">finds</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="strengthen">strengthen</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="memories">memories</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>.</p><p>充足的睡眠无疑有助于人类大脑得到最佳发挥，然而最新研究结果发现，我们在睡眠过程当中也能增强记忆力。</p><p><span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Northwestern">Northwestern</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="volunteers">volunteers</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="test">test</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="involved">involved</span> <span word="placing">placing</span> 50 <span word="pictures">pictures</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="correct">correct</span> <span word="places">places</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="screen">screen</span>.<span word="Each">Each</span> <span word="picture">picture</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="specific">specific</span> <span word="sound">sound</span> <span word="attached">attached</span>;<span word="meow">meow</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cat">cat</span>,<span word="a">a</span> <span word="whistlle">whistlle</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tea">tea</span> <span word="kettle">kettle</span>,<span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="forth">forth</span>.<span word="After">After</span> <span word="initially">initially</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="task">task</span>,<span word="the">the</span> <span word="volunteers">volunteers</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="nap">nap</span>.<span word="For">For</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="group">group</span>,<span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="played">played</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sounds">sounds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="images">images</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="test">test</span>.</p><p>美国西北大学的科学家在志愿者当中进行了一项记忆测试。志愿者要把五十幅图片放到计算机屏幕的正确位置上。每幅图片都有相对应的声音，“喵喵”对应猫，尖锐的哨声对应茶壶，诸如此类。初步掌握了测试要求后，志愿者们就开始小憩了。研究人员为其中一半的志愿者播放记忆测试中部分图片所对应的声音。</p><p><span word="When">When</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="awoke">awoke</span>,<span word="the">the</span> <span word="participants">participants</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sounds">sounds</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="sleeping">sleeping</span> <span word="improved">improved</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="items">items</span>.<span word="A">A</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="showed">showed</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="improvement">improvement</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="volunteers">volunteers</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="recollection">recollection</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sounds">sounds</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>,<span word="suggesting">suggesting</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="entirely">entirely</span> <span word="unconscious">unconscious</span>.</p><p>当他们醒过来以后，睡眠过程中听过音乐的参与者对那些图片的记忆有所增强，而没有睡觉的人记忆则没有改善。志愿者们根本不知道他们在睡觉过程中听过声音，这表明对记忆的改善完全是潜意识的。</p>
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