研究显示 25岁和55岁最具创新力
<p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="winners">winners</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="Prize">Prize</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="economics">economics</span> <span word="finds">finds</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="cycles">cycles</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="creativity">creativity</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="hits">hits</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="career">career</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="strikes">strikes</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="life">life</span>.</p><p>一项对历届诺贝尔经济学奖得主的新研究发现，人的生命中有两个创新周期：一个出现在职业发展早期，而另一个往往出现在生命的后期。</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="peak">peak</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="laureates">laureates</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="mid">mid</span>-20<span word="s">s</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="peak">peak</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="mid">mid</span>-50<span word="s">s</span>.</p><p>这项研究发现，诺奖得主们创新力的第一个巅峰出现在25岁左右，第二个出现在55岁左右。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="Prize">Prize</span> <span word="winners">winners</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="groundbreaking">groundbreaking</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="career">career</span> <span word="tended">tended</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> "<span word="conceptual">conceptual</span>" <span word="innovators">innovators</span>.</p><p>在职业生涯早期阶段取得突破性成就的诺奖得主往往是“概念式”创新者。</p><p><span word="These">These</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="innovators">innovators</span> "<span word="think">think</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="box">box</span>," <span word="challenging">challenging</span> <span word="conventional">conventional</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="suddenly">suddenly</span>.</p><p>这一类型的创新者的想法不拘一格，他们往往灵光乍现，能够挑战传统智慧。</p><p><span word="But">But</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="creativity">creativity</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="among">among</span> "<span word="experimental">experimental</span>" <span word="innovators">innovators</span>.</p><p>但还有另一种创新，适用于“经验式”创新者。</p><p><span word="These">These</span> <span word="innovators">innovators</span> <span word="accumulate">accumulate</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="careers">careers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="groundbreaking">groundbreaking</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="analyze">analyze</span>, <span word="interpret">interpret</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="synthesize">synthesize</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="understanding">understanding</span>.</p>
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