“超级真菌”在美爆发，致死率高达60%，中国已确认18例
<p>近日，一种名为耳念珠菌（<span word="Candida">Candida</span> <span word="auris">auris</span>）的多重耐药性真菌在美国多地爆发，全美已有587例确诊病例。</p><p>显微镜下的耳念珠菌 4月8日，据《中国资讯周刊》报道，中国工程院院士、第二军医大学长征医院皮肤科教授廖万清表示，中国已确认18例超级真菌临床感染病例。目前疫情在持续监测中，但总体上没有出现爆发性流行感染。</p><p>在显微镜下，耳念珠菌与其他念珠菌并无明显差异，但通常具有多重耐药性，部分菌株对临床上常用的三大类抗真菌药物都具有很高的耐药性。</p><p>《纽约时报》称，一直以来抗药性病菌感染是人类最难对付的健康威胁之一，耳念珠菌的爆发让解决这一问题更加困难：</p><p><span word="C">C</span>.<span word="auris">auris</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="tenacious">tenacious</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="part">part</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="impervious">impervious</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="antifungal">antifungal</span> <span word="medications">medications</span>, <span word="making">making</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="intractable">intractable</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="threats">threats</span>: <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rise">rise</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drug">drug</span>-<span word="resistant">resistant</span> <span word="infections">infections</span>.</p><p>耳念珠菌十分麻烦，部分原因是它对主要的抗真菌药物有耐药性，这使它为世界上最难对付的健康威胁之一——抗药性病菌感染的增多——增添了新难度。</p><p><span word="tenacious">tenacious</span> /<span word="t">t</span>ə'<span word="ne">ne</span>ɪʃə<span word="s">s</span>/ <span word="adj">adj</span>.紧握的；顽固的</p><p><span word="impervious">impervious</span> /ɪ<span word="m">m</span>'<span word="p">p</span>ɜ<span word="rvi">rvi</span>ə<span word="s">s</span>/ <span word="adj">adj</span>.不受影响的；不可渗透的</p><p><span word="antifungal">antifungal</span> /ˌæ<span word="nt">nt</span>ɪ'<span word="f">f</span>ʌŋ<span word="g">g</span>ə<span word="l">l</span>/ <span word="adj">adj</span>.杀真菌的；抗真菌的</p><p>这种超级真菌对免疫系统不成熟或受损的人最致命（<span word="people">people</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="immature">immature</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="compromised">compromised</span> <span word="immune">immune</span> <span word="systems">systems</span>），包括新生儿和老年人、吸烟人群、糖尿病患者以及自身免疫性疾病患者。</p>
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