农村体重增长居然是全球肥胖率上升的主力军
<p><span word="Rates">Rates</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="obesity">obesity</span> <span word="worldwide">worldwide</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="nearly">nearly</span> <span word="tripled">tripled</span> <span word="since">since</span> 1975, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prevailing">prevailing</span> <span word="belief">belief</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="blame">blame</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="covers">covers</span> 112 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="adults">adults</span> <span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="weight">weight</span> <span word="gain">gain</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="rural">rural</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="increase">increase</span>.</p><p>自1975年以来，全球肥胖率几乎增加了2倍。究其原因，人们普遍认为城市生活难辞其咎。但一项涵盖1.12亿成年人的重大研究表明，农村地区的体重增长才是肥胖率上升的主力军。</p><p><span word="Members">Members</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="NCD">NCD</span> <span word="Risk">Risk</span> <span word="Factor">Factor</span> <span word="Collaboration">Collaboration</span> - <span word="an">an</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> - <span word="analyzed">analyzed</span> <span word="over">over</span> 2,000 <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="index">index</span> (<span word="BMI">BMI</span>) <span word="has">has</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="from">from</span> 1985 <span word="to">to</span> 2017. (<span word="BMI">BMI</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="height">height</span>-<span word="to">to</span>-<span word="weight">weight</span> <span word="ratio">ratio</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="measure">measure</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="obesity">obesity</span>, <span word="though">though</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="flaws">flaws</span>.) <span word="The">The</span> <span word="results">results</span>, <span word="published">published</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Nature">Nature</span>, <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="period">period</span>, <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 55 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rise">rise</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="BMI">BMI</span> <span word="globally">globally</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="rural">rural</span> <span word="populations">populations</span> - <span word="specifically">specifically</span> <span word="rural">rural</span> <span word="populations">populations</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="emerging">emerging</span> <span word="economies">economies</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="include">include</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="places">places</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Latin">Latin</span> <span word="America">America</span>, <span word="Asia">Asia</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Middle">Middle</span> <span word="East">East</span>. "<span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="whole">whole</span>, <span word="BMI">BMI</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="faster">faster</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="rural">rural</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="urban">urban</span> <span word="areas">areas</span>," <span word="study">study</span> <span word="co">co</span>-<span word="author">author</span> <span word="Majid">Majid</span> <span word="Ezzati">Ezzati</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="expert">expert</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="environmental">environmental</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Imperial">Imperial</span> <span word="College">College</span> <span word="London">London</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="press">press</span> <span word="briefing">briefing</span>.</p><p>传染性疾病风险因子协会的成员--由卫生科学家组成的国际协会--就2000多项研究分析了1985年至2017年全球体重指数的变化。（体重指数指的是身高体重比例，是肥胖症的流行指标，但该指标也存在缺陷。）分析结果于今日发表在《自然》杂志上，表明：在这段时间内，全球55%以上的体重指数上升来自于农村地区--特别是新兴市场国家的农村地区，包括拉丁美洲、亚洲和中东等地区。"全世界范围内，农村地区体重指数的上升速度高于城市地区，"研究的共同作者马基德·伊扎提（<span word="Majid">Majid</span> <span word="Ezzati">Ezzati</span>）在一次资讯发布会上说道。他是帝国理工学院全球环境健康领域的专家。</p>
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