为什么新割的草那么好闻？
<p><span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="Does">Does</span> <span word="Freshly">Freshly</span> <span word="Cut">Cut</span> <span word="Grass">Grass</span> <span word="Smell">Smell</span> <span word="So">So</span> <span word="Nice">Nice</span>?</p><p>为什么新割的草那么好闻</p><p><span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="grew">grew</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="suburbs">suburbs</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="recognize">recognize</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="immediately">immediately</span>: <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sweet">sweet</span>, <span word="sharp">sharp</span> <span word="smell">smell</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="someone">someone</span> <span word="mowing">mowing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lawn">lawn</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="ballfield">ballfield</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="wafts">wafts</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="nostrils">nostrils</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="somehow">somehow</span> <span word="manages">manages</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="smell">smell</span> <span word="exactly">exactly</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="color">color</span> <span word="green">green</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="smelling">smelling</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="inhale">inhale</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="fresh">fresh</span>-<span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="grass">grass</span> <span word="scent">scent</span>? <span word="And">And</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span>?</p><p>如果你是在郊区长大的，你立刻就能闻出这个味道——刚修剪完草坪或棒球场后甜美、浓烈的气味。当它飘进你的鼻孔时，它的味道不知为何如绿色般清新。不过，当我们吸入新割的草的气味时，我们真正闻到的是什么呢？为什么我们这么喜欢这个味道？</p><p><span word="Chemically">Chemically</span> <span word="speaking">speaking</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="classic">classic</span> <span word="lawn">lawn</span> <span word="smell">smell</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="airborne">airborne</span> <span word="mix">mix</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="carbon">carbon</span>-<span word="based">based</span> <span word="compounds">compounds</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="green">green</span> <span word="leaf">leaf</span> <span word="volatiles">volatiles</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="GLVs">GLVs</span>. <span word="Plants">Plants</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="release">release</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="molecules">molecules</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="damaged">damaged</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="insects">insects</span>, <span word="infections">infections</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="mechanical">mechanical</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> — <span word="like">like</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lawn">lawn</span> <span word="mower">mower</span>.</p><p>从化学角度来讲，这种典型的草坪气味来源于空气中混合的碳基化合物，称为绿叶挥发物（简称<span word="GLVs">GLVs</span>）。植物在受到昆虫、传染病的入侵或机械外力如割草机的破坏时，会释放这些分子。</p><p><span word="Plants">Plants</span> <span word="manufacture">manufacture</span> <span word="slightly">slightly</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="forms">forms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="GLVs">GLVs</span> <span word="depending">depending</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="what">what</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="happening">happening</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="them">them</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Ian">Ian</span> <span word="Baldwin">Baldwin</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="plant">plant</span> <span word="ecologist">ecologist</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="founding">founding</span> <span word="director">director</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Max">Max</span> <span word="Planck">Planck</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Chemical">Chemical</span> <span word="Ecology">Ecology</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Jena">Jena</span>, <span word="Germany">Germany</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> 2010 <span word="study">study</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Science">Science</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="colleague">colleague</span> <span word="Silke">Silke</span> <span word="Allmann">Allmann</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</span>, <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="tobacco">tobacco</span> <span word="leaves">leaves</span> <span word="punctured">punctured</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="rubbed">rubbed</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="insect">insect</span> <span word="saliva">saliva</span> <span word="released">released</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="bouquet">bouquet</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="volatile">volatile</span> <span word="compounds">compounds</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="leaves">leaves</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="poked">poked</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="brushed">brushed</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="water">water</span>.</p>
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