美国“印太战略”能走多远？
<p>上月，美国防长马蒂斯在香格里拉对话会上以美国政府的名义全面阐述了美国“印太战略”。特朗普总统入主白宫后，政府高层先是鼓吹以“印太”取代“亚太”，提出“一个自由与开放”的“印太愿景”，继而发表《国家安全战略》阐述当前印太地区不同“世界秩序之间的地缘竞争”。如今，马蒂斯的演讲标志着美国“印太战略”正式落地。</p><p><span word="At">At</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Shangri">Shangri</span>-<span word="La">La</span> <span word="Dialogue">Dialogue</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Singapore">Singapore</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="June">June</span>, <span word="Secretary">Secretary</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Defense">Defense</span> <span word="James">James</span> <span word="Mattis">Mattis</span> <span word="explained">explained</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>' <span word="Indo">Indo</span>-<span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="strategy">strategy</span>, <span word="evolving">evolving</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desire">desire</span> <span word="for">for</span> “<span word="a">a</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="Indo">Indo</span>-<span word="Pacific">Pacific</span>” <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reality">reality</span> <span word="of">of</span> “<span word="geopolitical">geopolitical</span> <span word="competition">competition</span>” <span word="between">between</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="types">types</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="order">order</span>.</p><p>美国“印太战略”包涵四个方面内容：加大海上安全；强化与盟友和伙伴国的军事合作；加强法治、公民社会和透明治理；提倡市场引领的经济发展。美国推行“印太战略”的目标，是要在该地区采取政治、经济、军事等综合手段，遏制中国的崛起，削弱中国影响力，以巩固美国的霸主地位。从根本上来说，美国“印太战略”与“亚太再平衡”一脉相承，前者是后者的延续和升级，企图在更大的范围内遏制和堵截中国发展的势头。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Indo">Indo</span>-<span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="strategy">strategy</span> <span word="contains">contains</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="elements">elements</span>: <span word="Strengthening">Strengthening</span> <span word="maritime">maritime</span> <span word="security">security</span>; <span word="enhancing">enhancing</span> <span word="military">military</span> <span word="cooperation">cooperation</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="allies">allies</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="partners">partners</span>; <span word="underscoring">underscoring</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rule">rule</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="law">law</span>, <span word="civil">civil</span> <span word="society">society</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="transparent">transparent</span> <span word="governance">governance</span>; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="advocating">advocating</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="market">market</span>-<span word="led">led</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="ultimate">ultimate</span> <span word="goal">goal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="Indo">Indo</span>-<span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="strategy">strategy</span> <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="through">through</span> <span word="joint">joint</span> <span word="applications">applications</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="political">political</span>, <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="military">military</span> <span word="means">means</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="contain">contain</span> <span word="China">China</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="rise">rise</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="undermine">undermine</span> <span word="China">China</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="consolidate">consolidate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span>' <span word="dominant">dominant</span> <span word="position">position</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="region">region</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="essence">essence</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Indo">Indo</span>-<span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="strategy">strategy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="continuation">continuation</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="upgrade">upgrade</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rebalance">rebalance</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>-<span word="Pacific">Pacific</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="devised">devised</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="contain">contain</span> <span word="China">China</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="development">development</span>.</p>
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