US trio wins Nobel chemistry prize
<p><span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="Prize">Prize</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Chemistry">Chemistry</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Wednesday">Wednesday</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="pioneering">pioneering</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="programs">programs</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="simulate">simulate</span> <span word="complex">complex</span> <span word="chemical">chemical</span> <span word="processes">processes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="accelerated">accelerated</span> <span word="progress">progress</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="diverse">diverse</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="drugs">drugs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="solar">solar</span> <span word="energy">energy</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Royal">Royal</span> <span word="Swedish">Swedish</span> <span word="Academy">Academy</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Sciences">Sciences</span>, <span word="awarding">awarding</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prize">prize</span> <span word="of">of</span> 8 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="kronor">kronor</span> ($1.24 <span word="million">million</span>) <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Martin">Martin</span> <span word="Karplus">Karplus</span>, <span word="Michael">Michael</span> <span word="Levitt">Levitt</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Arieh">Arieh</span> <span word="Warshel">Warshel</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="effectively">effectively</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="chemistry">chemistry</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="cyberspace">cyberspace</span>. <span word="Gone">Gone</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="modeling">modeling</span> <span word="reactions">reactions</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="plastic">plastic</span> <span word="balls">balls</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sticks">sticks</span>.</p><p>"<span word="Today">Today</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tool">tool</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="chemists">chemists</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="test">test</span> <span word="tube">tube</span>," <span word="the">the</span> <span word="academy">academy</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="statement">statement</span>.</p><p>"<span word="Computer">Computer</span> <span word="models">models</span> <span word="mirroring">mirroring</span> <span word="real">real</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="crucial">crucial</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="advances">advances</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="chemistry">chemistry</span> <span word="today">today</span>.</p><p>"<span word="Chemical">Chemical</span> <span word="reactions">reactions</span> <span word="occur">occur</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="lightning">lightning</span> <span word="speed">speed</span>; <span word="electrons">electrons</span> <span word="jump">jump</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="atomic">atomic</span> <span word="nuclei">nuclei</span>, <span word="hidden">hidden</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prying">prying</span> <span word="eyes">eyes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span>," <span word="the">the</span> <span word="academy">academy</span> <span word="added">added</span>.</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="drug">drug</span> <span word="design">design</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="calculate">calculate</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="experimental">experimental</span> <span word="medicine">medicine</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="react">react</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="target">target</span> <span word="protein">protein</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="interplay">interplay</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="atoms">atoms</span>.</p><p><span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="applications">applications</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="processes">processes</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="design">design</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="solar">solar</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="catalysts">catalysts</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="cars">cars</span>.</p><p><span word="Ultimately">Ultimately</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="computerize">computerize</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="complex">complex</span> <span word="chemical">chemical</span> <span word="processes">processes</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="simulate">simulate</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="complete">complete</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="organism">organism</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="molecular">molecular</span> <span word="level">level</span> - <span word="something">something</span> <span word="Levitt">Levitt</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="described">described</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="dreams">dreams</span>.</p>
页:
[1]