日本能否挽救TPP
<p><span word="Ever">Ever</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="war">war</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="main">main</span> <span word="anchor">anchor</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="liberal">liberal</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="trading">trading</span> <span word="system">system</span>. <span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="agenda">agenda</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="non">non</span>-<span word="liberalising">liberalising</span> <span word="measures">measures</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="tightening">tightening</span> <span word="intellectual">intellectual</span> <span word="property">property</span> <span word="rights">rights</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="frequently">frequently</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="controversial">controversial</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="initiatives">initiatives</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="central">central</span> <span word="role">role</span>.</p><p>自二战结束以来，美国便成为了国际自由贸易体系的中流砥柱。尽管其政策议程（包括收紧知识产权等非自由化措施）频频引起争议，但贸易政策中几乎所有重大举措都是由美国扮演主要角色。</p><p><span word="This">This</span> <span word="tradition">tradition</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="threat">threat</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Donald">Donald</span> <span word="Trump">Trump</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="administration">administration</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="abrogated">abrogated</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="participation">participation</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Trans">Trans</span>-<span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="Partnership">Partnership</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="signed">signed</span> (<span word="but">but</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="ratified">ratified</span>) <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> 11 <span word="other">other</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>-<span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="economies">economies</span>. <span word="His">His</span> <span word="officials">officials</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="Commerce">Commerce</span> <span word="Secretary">Secretary</span> <span word="Wilbur">Wilbur</span> <span word="Ross">Ross</span>, <span word="have">have</span> <span word="stated">stated</span> <span word="instead">instead</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="one">one</span>-<span word="on">on</span>-<span word="one">one</span> <span word="deals">deals</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="address">address</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="misguided">misguided</span> <span word="ambition">ambition</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="bilateral">bilateral</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="account">account</span> <span word="deficits">deficits</span>.</p><p>这种传统现在正面临来自唐纳德?特朗普(<span word="Donald">Donald</span> <span word="Trump">Trump</span>)政府的威胁。特朗普政府已宣布退出《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》（<span word="Trans">Trans</span>-<span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="Partnership">Partnership</span> <span word="agreement">agreement</span>，简称<span word="TPP">TPP</span>），而此前美国已与其他11个亚太经济体完成了该协定的签署（但尚未获批）。包括商务部长威尔伯?罗斯(<span word="Wilbur">Wilbur</span> <span word="Ross">Ross</span>)在内的本届政府官员，都显示出了对于一对一协议的偏爱——美国可由此实现利用贸易政策来减少双边经常账户赤字这一非理性目标。</p>
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