Tip of the iceberg?
<p><span word="Reader">Reader</span> <span word="question">question</span>:</p><p><span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="headline">headline</span>, <span word="particularly">particularly</span> “<span word="tip">tip</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span>”: “<span word="Is">Is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Adobe">Adobe</span> <span word="Hack">Hack</span> <span word="Just">Just</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Tip">Tip</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Iceberg">Iceberg</span>?”</p><p><span word="My">My</span> <span word="comments">comments</span>:</p><p><span word="This">This</span> <span word="headlines">headlines</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="article">article</span> <span word="discussing">discussing</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="theft">theft</span> <span word="involving">involving</span> <span word="Adobe">Adobe</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="software">software</span> <span word="firm">firm</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Photoshop">Photoshop</span>.</p><p><span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="ago">ago</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>, <span word="hackers">hackers</span> (<span word="program">program</span> <span word="writers">writers</span>) <span word="penetrated">penetrated</span> <span word="Adobe">Adobe</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="stole">stole</span> <span word="customer">customer</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="involving">involving</span> <span word="millions">millions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span>.</p><p><span word="That">That</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="discussed">discussed</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="writer">writer</span> <span word="asks">asks</span>: <span word="Is">Is</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="cyber">cyber</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="breach">breach</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tip">tip</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span>?</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="words">words</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="writer">writer</span> <span word="wonders">wonders</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="indicative">indicative</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="problem">problem</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Adobe">Adobe</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="firms">firms</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="facing">facing</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="threats">threats</span> – <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span>.</p><p><span word="Tip">Tip</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="see">see</span>, <span word="literally">literally</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="tip">tip</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="gigantic">gigantic</span> <span word="piece">piece</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ice">ice</span> <span word="floating">floating</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sea">sea</span>. <span word="Berg">Berg</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="originally">originally</span> <span word="Dutch">Dutch</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mountain">mountain</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="enormous">enormous</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="size">size</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Titanic">Titanic</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="sunk">sunk</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span>. <span word="That">That</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="powerful">powerful</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span>.</p><p><span word="Anyways">Anyways</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tiny">tiny</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>. <span word="Ice">Ice</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="slightly">slightly</span> <span word="lighter">lighter</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="water">water</span>. <span word="Hence">Hence</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="remain">remain</span> <span word="afloat">afloat</span>. <span word="Well">Well</span>, <span word="more">more</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</span>:</p><p><span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="density">density</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="pure">pure</span> <span word="ice">ice</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="about">about</span> 920 <span word="kg">kg</span>/<span word="m">m</span>³, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="seawater">seawater</span> <span word="about">about</span> 1025 <span word="kg">kg</span>/<span word="m">m</span>³, <span word="typically">typically</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="one">one</span>-<span word="twelfth">twelfth</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="volume">volume</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="above">above</span> <span word="water">water</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="shape">shape</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="underwater">underwater</span> <span word="portion">portion</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="judge">judge</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="portion">portion</span> <span word="above">above</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="surface">surface</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="expression">expression</span> “<span word="tip">tip</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="iceberg">iceberg</span>”, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="difficulty">difficulty</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="manifestation">manifestation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="problem">problem</span>.</p>
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