浅谈定语从句的译法(通讯员供稿)
<p>英汉两种语言的最基本的语序是<span word="SVOAIDS">SVOAIDS</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="infected">infected</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="HIV">HIV</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="AIDS">AIDS</span> <span word="virus">virus</span>, <span word="face">face</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="sorts">sorts</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="over">over</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="long">long</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="nature">nature</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span> <span word="aggravate">aggravate</span> <span word="quandaries">quandaries</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="occur">occur</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lesser">lesser</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="diseases">diseases</span>. 如果硬要还定语为定语,就会译成:</p><p>艾滋病人和其他受艾滋病毒侵染的人面对世界上各种各样的歧视,而且治疗费用高昂与需要长期治疗这种特点加重了在其他严重疾病中发生的程度较轻的窘境。 但是如果根据句意,将其转换成原因状语,我们就可以读到更为顺畅的中文:</p><p>艾滋病人和其他受艾滋病毒侵染的人面对世界上各种各样的歧视;此外,由于治疗费用高昂,再加上需要长期进行,与其他重病病人相比,他们所要面对的境况要严峻得多。 类似的连接词还有:“因为”、“为了”等。 2. 译成表示“结果”的分句:</p><p><span word="There">There</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="original">original</span>, <span word="independent">independent</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="heroic">heroic</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plan">plan</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="pleased">pleased</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span>.</p><p>这个方案富于创造性,独出心裁,很有魄力,所以他们都很喜欢。 这一类连接词还有:“结果”、“因此”、“使”等。 3. 译成表示“转折”或“让步”的分句:</p><p><span word="My">My</span> <span word="assistant">assistant</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="carefully">carefully</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="instructions">instructions</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="experiment">experiment</span>, <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="obtain">obtain</span> <span word="satisfactory">satisfactory</span> <span word="results">results</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="mechanically">mechanically</span>.</p>
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