美国的“黑色星期五”
<p>节日总是和商机联系在一起，在英联邦国家，圣诞过后的第二天商家纷纷打折，人们疯狂抢购。美国的圣诞购物季来得更早，精明的商人们在感恩节后的第二天——也就是11月份的第四个星期五——就早早开门迎客，这就是所谓的“黑色星期五”了。总有商家迫不及待，不断提前开门营业的时间，从早上六点，到凌晨四五点，甚至提前到了感恩节当天，于是又有了“黑色星期四”之说。</p><p><span word="By">By</span> <span word="Michael">Michael</span> <span word="Scot">Scot</span></p><p><span word="Black">Black</span> <span word="Friday">Friday</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="Thanksgiving">Thanksgiving</span> <span word="Day">Day</span>1 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>, <span word="often">often</span> <span word="regarded">regarded</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="beginning">beginning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Christmas">Christmas</span> <span word="shopping">shopping</span> <span word="season">season</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="most">most</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="retailers">retailers</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="opened">opened</span> <span word="extremely">extremely</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="offered">offered</span> <span word="promotional">promotional</span> <span word="sales">sales</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="kick">kick</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="holiday">holiday</span> <span word="shopping">shopping</span> <span word="season">season</span>, <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Boxing">Boxing</span> <span word="Day">Day</span> <span word="sales">sales</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="Commonwealth">Commonwealth</span> <span word="Nations">Nations</span>.2 <span word="Black">Black</span> <span word="Friday">Friday</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="official">official</span> <span word="holiday">holiday</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="non">non</span>-<span word="retail">retail</span> <span word="employees">employees</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="Thanksgiving">Thanksgiving</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="off">off</span>, <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="weekend">weekend</span>, <span word="thereby">thereby</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="potential">potential</span> <span word="shoppers">shoppers</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="routinely">routinely</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="busiest">busiest</span> <span word="shopping">shopping</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="since">since</span> 2005, <span word="although">although</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="reports">reports</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="inaccurate">inaccurate</span>, <span word="have">have</span> <span word="described">described</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="busiest">busiest</span> <span word="shopping">shopping</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="time">time</span>.3</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="day">day</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="originated">originated</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="originally">originally</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="describe">describe</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="disruptive">disruptive</span> <span word="pedestrian">pedestrian</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="vehicle">vehicle</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="occur">occur</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="Thanksgiving">Thanksgiving</span>.4 <span word="Use">Use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="term">term</span> <span word="started">started</span> <span word="before">before</span> 1961 <span word="and">and</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="broader">broader</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</span> <span word="around">around</span> 1975. <span word="Later">Later</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="alternative">alternative</span> <span word="explanation">explanation</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="offered">offered</span>: <span word="that">that</span> “<span word="Black">Black</span> <span word="Friday">Friday</span>” <span word="indicates">indicates</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="retailers">retailers</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="profit">profit</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="are">are</span> “<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="black">black</span>”.5</p>
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